added sup-sync-back

[sup] / doc / UserGuide.txt

Welcome to Sup! Here's how to get started.

First, try running 'sup'. Since this is your first time, you'll be
confronted with a mostly blank screen, and a notice at the bottom that
you have no new messages. That's because Sup doesn't have any messages
in its index yet, and has no idea where to look for them anyways.

If you want to play around a little at this point, you can press 'b'
to cycle between buffers and 'x' to kill a buffer. There's probably
not too much interesting there, but there's a log buffer with some
cryptic messages. You can also press '?' at any point to get a list of
keyboard commands, but in the absence of any email, these will be
mostly useless. When you get bored, press 'q' to quit.

I mentioned that Sup's index was empty. The index is where Sup stores
all message state (e.g. read or unread, any message labels), and all
information necessary for searching and for threading messages. Sup
only knows about messages in its index, so we've got to add some to
it.

We add messages to the index by telling Sup about the source where the
messages reside. Sources are things like IMAP folders, mbox folders,
maildir directories, and Gmail accounts (in the future). Sup doesn't
duplicate the actual message content in the index. So when you search
for messages or view your inbox, Sup talks only to the index (stored
locally on disk). When you view a thread, Sup requests the full
content of all the messages from the source.

The easiest way to set up all your sources is to run "sup-config".
This will interactively walk you through some basic configuration,
prompt you for all the sources you need, and optionally import
messages from them.

sup-config works by calling sup-add and sup-sync with the right
arguments. If you have a non-trivial setup, you may need to run
sup-add and sup-sync manually.

You can manually add a source to Sup's source list by running
'sup-add' with a URI pointing to it. The URI should be of the form:
- mbox://path/to/a/filename, for an mbox file on disk.
- maildir://path/to/a/filename, for a maildir directory on disk.
- imap://imap.server/folder for an unsecure IMAP folder.
- imaps://secure.imap.server/folder for a secure IMAP folder.
- mbox+ssh://remote.machine/path/to/a/filename for a remote mbox file.

Before you add the source, you need make two decisions. The first is
whether you want Sup to regularly poll this source for new messages.
By default it will, but if this is a source that will never have new
messages, you can specify --unusual. Sup polls only "usual" sources.

The second is whether you want messages from the source to be
automatically archived. An archived message will not show up in your
inbox, but will be found when you search. (Your inbox in Sup is, by
definition, the set of all all non-archived messages). Specify
--archive to automatically archive all messages from the source. This
is useful for sources that contain, for example, high-traffic mailing
lists that you don't want polluting your inbox.

If Sup requires account information, e.g. for IMAP servers and remote
mbox files, sup-add will ask for it.

Now that you've added the source, let's import all the current
messages from it, by running sup-sync with the source URI. You can
specify --archive to automatically archive all messages in this
import; typically you'll want to specify this for every source you
import except your actual inbox. You can also specify --read to mark
all imported messages as read; the default is to preserve the
read/unread status from the source.

sup-sync will now load all the messages from the source into the
index. Depending on the size of the source, this may take a while.
Don't panic! It's a one-time process.

Ok, now run 'sup'. You should see the most recent unarchived messages
appear in your inbox. Congratulations, you've got Sup working!

If you're coming from the world of traditional MUAs, there are a
couple differences you should be aware of at this point. First, Sup
does not use folders. Instead, you organize and find messages by a
combination of search and labels (knowns as 'tags' everywhere else in
the world). I claim that 95% of the functionality of folders is
superseded by a quick, easy-to-access, and powerful search mechanism,
and the other 5% by labels. (The Sup philosophical treatise has a
little more on this.)

Search and labels are an integral part of Sup because in Sup, rather
than viewing the contents of a folder, you view the results of a
search. I mentioned above that your inbox is, by definition, the set
of all messages that aren't archived. This means that your inbox is,
in fact, the result of the search for all messages with the label
"inbox". (It's actually slightly more complicated---we omit killed,
deleted and spam messages as well.)

So you could replicate the folder paradigm easily under this scheme,
by giving each message exactly one label and only viewing the results
of simple searches for those labels. But you'd quickly find out that
life can be easier than that if you just trust the search engine, and
use labels judiciously for things that are too hard to find with
search.

Now let's take a look at your inbox. You'll see that Sup groups
messages together into threads: each line in the inbox is a thread,
and the number in parentheses is the number of messages in that
thread. (If there's no number, there's just one message.) In Sup, most
operations are on threads, not individual messages. The idea is that
you rarely want to operate on a message independent of its context.
You typically want to view, archive, kill, or label all the messages
in a thread at one time.

Use the up and down arrows to highlight a thread. ('j' and 'k' do the
same thing, and 'J' and 'K' will scroll the whole window. Even the
left and right arrow keys work.) By default, Sup only loads as many
threads as it takes to fill the window; if you'd like to load more,
press 'M'. You can hit tab to cycle between only threads with new
messages.

Highlight a thread and press enter to view it. You'll notice that all
messages in the thread are displayed together, laid out graphically by
their relationship to each other (replies are nested under parents).
By default, only the new messages in a thread are expanded, and the
others are hidden. You can toggle an individual message's state by
highlighting a green line and pressing enter. You can use 'E' to
expand or collapse all messages or 'N' to expand only the new
messages. You'll also notice that Sup hides quoted text and
signatures. If you highlight a particular hidden chunk, you can press
enter to expand it, or you can press 'o' to toggle every hidden chunk
in a particular message. (You can hit '?' to see the full list of
keyboard commands at any point.)

A few other useful commands while viewing a thread. Press 'd' to
toggle a detailed header for a message. If you've scrolled too far to
the right, press '[' to jump all the way to the left. Finally, you can
press 'n' and 'p' to jump forward and backward between open messages,
aligning the display as necessary.

Now press 'x' to kill the thread view buffer. You should see the inbox
again. If you don't, you can cycle through the buffers by pressing
'b', or you can press 'B' to see a list of all buffers and simply
select the inbox.

There are many operations you can perform on threads beyond viewing
them. To archive a thread, press 'a'. The thread will disappear from
your inbox, but will still appear in search results. If someone
replies an archived thread, it will reappear in your inbox. To kill a
thread, press '&'. Killed threads will never come back to your inbox,
even if people reply, but will still be searchable. (This is useful
for those interminable threads that you really have no interest in,
but which seem to pop up on every mailing list.)

If a thread is spam, press 'S'. It will disappear and won't come back.
It won't even appear in search results (unless you explicitly search
for spam.)

You can also star a thread by pressing '*'. Starred threads are
displayed with a little yellow asterisk next to them, but otherwise
have no special semantics. (But you can also search for them
easily---we'll see how in a moment).

To edit the labels for (all the messages in) a thread, press 'l'. Type
in the labels as a sequence of space-separated words. To cancel the
input, press Ctrl-G.

Many of these operations can be applied to a group of threads. Press
't' to tag a thread. Tag a couple, then press ';' to apply the next
command to the set of threads. ';t', of course, will untag all tagged
messages.

Ok, let's try using labels and search. Press 'L' to bring up a list of
all the labels you've ever used, along with some special labels
(Draft, Starred, Sent, Spam, etc.). Highlight a label and press enter
to view all the messages with that label.

What you just did was actually a specific search. For a general
search, press "/". Now type in your query (again, Ctrl-G to cancel at
any point.) You can just type in arbitrary text, which will be matched
on a per-word basis against the bodies of all email in the index, or
you can make use of the full Ferret query syntax:

- Phrasal queries using double-quotes, e.g.: "three contiguous words"
- Queries against a particular field using <field name>:<query>,
  e.g.: label:ruby-talk, or from:matz@ruby-lang.org. (Fields include:
  body, from, to, and subject.)
- Force occurrence and non-occurrence using + and -, e.g. +label:spam,
  or -body:"hot soup"

You can combine those all together. For example:
     +label:ruby-talk +subject:\[ANN\] -rails

Play around with the search, and see the Ferret documentation for
details on more sophisticated queries (date ranges, "within n words",
etc.)

At this point, you're well on your way to figuring out all the cool
things Sup can do. By repeated application of the '?' key, see if you
can figure out how to:
 - List some recent contacts
 - Easily search for all mail from a recent contact
 - Easily search for all mail from several recent contacts
 - Add someone to your address book
 - Postpone a message (i.e., save a draft)
 - Quickly re-edit a just-saved draft message
 - View the raw header of a message
 - Star an individual message, not just a thread

There's one last thing to be aware of when using Sup: how it interacts
with other email programs. Sup stores data about messages in the
index, but doesn't duplicate the message contents themselves. The
messages remain on the source. If the index and the source every fall
out of sync, e.g. due to another email client modifying the source,
then Sup will be unable to operate on that source.

For example, for mbox files, Sup stores a byte offset into the file
for each message. If a message deleted from that file by another
client, or even marked as read (yeah, mbox sucks), all succeeding
offsets will be wrong.

That's the bad news. The good news is that Sup is fairly good at being
able to detect this type of situation, and fixing it is just a matter
of running sup-sync --changed on the source. Sup will even tell you
how to invoke sup-sync when it detects a problem. This is a
complication you will almost certainly run in to if you use both Sup
and another MUA on the same source, so it's good to be aware of it.

Have fun, and let me know if you have any problems. --William