1 [[!img notmuch-logo.png alt="Notmuch logo" class="left"]]
2 #Tips and Tricks for using notmuch with Emacs
4 The main client based on notmuch is notmuch.el, which is included in the notmuch package. It is might, and allows you to configure a lot of things, however, it might not be immediately obvious how, and how the general workflow generally looks like. This [first section](#typical_workflow) will describe a typical workflow and setup, while the section [Advanced tips and tweaks](#advanced_tips) below, focuses on more specific questions.
6 <h2 id="typical_workflow">Typical setup and workflow</h2>
8 ### Set up & receiving mails
10 Notmuch requires either a MailDir or a "mh"-style maildirectory to operate on. (It basically requires any setup in which each mail is in a file of it's own.) Most people use "[offlineimap](http://software.complete.org/software/projects/show/offlineimap)" or "[mbsync](http://isync.sourceforge.net/)" in order to synchronize their IMAP or pop mail server with a local mail store. offlineimap is quite useful and widely tested, it also offers a handy hook that will come in useful a bit later in our setup.
12 So go install and configure offlineimap so you can simply run offlineimap and have an updated maildir. In the [Account xxx] section of your .offineimaprc file your can specify a "presynchook" and "postsynchook" command that will get run whenever you sync. Point _postsynchook_ to a script that gets run on every sync and that will do the automatic tagging and updating of your notmuch database.
14 The script will look somewhat like this:
17 > # incorporate all new mails in the database
18 > notmuch new > /dev/null
19 > #apply some automatic tags
20 > notmuch tag +notmuch from:notmuch@notmuchmail.org and not tag:notmuch
21 > ...more tag rules...
23 If you don't need automatic tagging, just use "notmuch new > /dev/null" as your synchook. One advanced setup with automatic tagging has been described by James Vasile here (id: _87hbp5j9dv.fsf@hackervisions.org_). Carl Worth has described his script in this mail (id: _87r5o8stbj.fsf@yoom.home.cworth.org_) in the same thread.
25 > __A note on message ids__: Confused by those message ids? Get used to them, because they are an importance part of the notmuch workflow. Every send message has a unique message id, just like a website has a unique url. On the notmuch mailing list people will throw around message ids and expect people to just find the right mails, as this is what notmuch makes easy. In order to find a specific message, hit 's' for search and type: "id:messageidhere". If you incorporated the notmuch mail archive, you can e.g. try to find id:87r5o8stbj.fsf@yoom.home.cworth.org. Don't have the notmuch archive back to Feb 25, 2010? Fortunately gmane (and probably others allow to search for message id in their archives as well. You'll find this message under [http://mid.gmane.org/87r5o8stbj.fsf@yoom.home.cworth.org](http://mid.gmane.org/87r5o8stbj.fsf@yoom.home.cworth.org) (incidentally, this server seems to be down right now).
27 ### Navigating & reading mails
28 OK, messages are now in your maildir and they have the tags you want them to have (of course you will be assigning more tags manually as you parse through your mail.). Now, on to actually using notmuch in emacs. If you added the correct bits to your .emacs file you will be able to start notmuch by typing "M-x notmuch" (or M-x notmuch-folder). If you want to start notmuch immediately when starting emacs you can also call emacs as "emacs -f notmuch" (and create a handy shortcut on your desktop for that).
30 notmuch (the search view) and notmuch-folder are the 2 main views that can be used to navigate through your mail.
31 The default notmuch "home" is a notmuch-search view with all all mail threads in which a message has been tagged as "inbox". Just navigate that page and read threads by hitting <RETURN> on one of them. This will open a notmuch thread view with all messages in this thread. Threads are a powerful construct in notmuch as a thread really represents a discussion around a single topic. In difference to other mail applications, you will often find very long threads in notmuch mail conversations, or people reviving very old threads with a reply.
33 The second way of navigating notmuch mails, is by using the notmuch-folder view which you can invoke with `M-x notmuch-folder` (or using the F key if you applied the patch from mail id: 1265889583-25406-1-git-send-email-dme@dme.org (Feb 11st, 2010)). For information on how to customize your notmuch-folder views, see [here](#customize_notmuch_folder). This view provides you with "virtual folders" that allow you to browse all emails topic-by-topic. For example, if you want to browse all notmuch related mail every 10 minutes, but check out mails from your boss only once a day, this will be one convenient way to do it. It will also give you a nice overview of how many (unread) emails you have for each folder. Those folders are virtual in that a mail can easily be part of several folders at the same time and the folders will be updated on-the-fly every time you hit `=`.
35 Last but not least, you can always search for a specific mail. Notmuch provides very powerful search possibilities which allows you to find mail threads easily without having to file them away into umpteenth mail folders as you might have been doing in your Thunderbird, Mail.app, or Outlook.
38 __[TODO, describe s, f, t keys and some exemplary searches]__.
39 __[TODO: describe common search strategies that notmuch users use]__
42 Notmuch itself does not provide any facilities for sending mail. Fortunately, emacs comes with "message mode" which offers that functionality. This also means that there are various methods to invoke the mail sending command. One possibility is to use "CTRL-x m" which will invoke a new "message mail" window. The second possibility is to type 'm' when you are in a notmuch window. And finally, when looking at a message or thread in notmuch you can type 'r' to start a reply.
44 If you want to use mail address autocompletion, check out [bbdb](http://bbdb.sourceforge.net) which works nicely together with message mode. There are also possibilities to use notmuch itself as an address book, see "[how to get email address completion](#address_completion)" on how to set that up.
46 Type your message and send it off with ctrl-c ctrl-c. By default message mode will use your /usr/sbin/sendmail command to send a mail, so make sure that works.
47 One annoying standard configuration of message mode is that it will hide the sent mail in your emacs frame stack, but it will not close it. If you type several mails in an emacs session they will accumulate and make switching between buffers more annoying. You can avoid that behavior by adding `(setq message-kill-buffer-on-exit t)` in your .emacs file which will really close the mail window after sending it.
50 Using the `M-x mml-attach-file` command, you can attach any file to be send with your mail. By default this command is bound to the menu item `Attachments--Attach File`, or the key binding `CTRL-c CTRL-a`. For those who prefer graphics, you can also simply drag and drop files from a file
51 manager into a mail composition window to have it attached. The variable `mml-dnd-attach-options` (M-x customize-variable<RET>`mml-dnd-attach-options`) can be set to allow the prompting for various attachment options (such as inline/attachement) if you want to do that. At least in Ubuntu it works by dragging from the file manager without any modifications.
54 Currently, there is a slight problem with copying the sent mail into your "outbox". While conventional MUAs will automatically copy your sent mail to a "Sent" folder, notmuch will never touch your mail store and your sent mails will not be searchable by default. When replying with 'r' notmuch will insert a BCC header to yourself, but when sending a mail with 'm' or 'ctrl-x m', it will not (and can not as ctrl-x m does not involve notmuch at all). Please see the specific advice on "[how to do FCC/BCC](#fcc)" for more details on how to set up notmuch to obey your preferences.
56 ###3rd party application
58 As its name implies, notmuch isn't really doing that much (which is part of its appeal to many of us). However, it enables a whole ecosystem of surrounding scripts to work in conjunction with notmuch
60 * [notmuchsync](http://spaetz.github.com/notmuchsync/)
61 notmuchsync is a python tool that allows synchronization of maildir flags to/from notmuch tags.
62 * [cnotmuch](http://pypi.python.org/pypi/cnotmuch) python bindings for the notmuch shared library. Extensive API documentation available.
63 * [addrlookup](http://github.com/spaetz/vala-notmuch) vala spplication that can be used for interactive email address completion.
69 <h2 id="advanced_tips">Advanced tips and tweaks</h2>
71 * <span id="custom_keybinding">**Add a keybinding to add/remove/toggle a tag.**</span>
73 Here's an example of how to add a key binding to notmuch-show-mode
74 to toggle a "deleted" tag:
76 (define-key notmuch-show-mode-map "d"
78 "toggle deleted tag for message"
80 (if (member "deleted" (notmuch-show-get-tags))
81 (notmuch-show-remove-tag "deleted")
82 (notmuch-show-add-tag "deleted"))))
84 You can do the same for threads in notmuch-search-mode by just
85 replacing "show" with "search" in the called functions. This
86 definition makes use of a lambda function, but you could just as
87 easily defined a separate function first:
89 (defun notmuch-show-toggle-deleted-tag()
90 "toggle deleted tag for message"
92 (if (member "deleted" (notmuch-show-get-tags))
93 (notmuch-show-remove-tag "deleted")
94 (notmuch-show-add-tag "deleted")))
95 (define-key notmuch-show-mode-map "d" 'notmuch-show-toggle-deleted-tag)
97 * <span id="fcc">**How to do FCC/BCC...**</span>
99 Any notmuch reply will automatically include your primary email
100 address in a BCC so that any messages you send will (eventually) end
101 up in your mail store as well. But this doesn't do anything for
102 messages that you compose that are not replies.
104 Another method is to save the file in a folder of your local
105 Maildir, usually called FCC (file carbon copy). You can achieve this
106 by setting the variables `message-directory` (which defines a base
107 directory) and `notmuch-fcc-dirs` which defines the subdirectory
108 relative to message-directory in which to save the mail. Enter a
109 directory (without the maildir /cur ending which will be appended
110 automatically). To customize both variables at the same time, use
113 M-x customize-apropos<RET>\(notmuch-fcc-dirs\)\|\(message-directory\)
115 This method will even allow you to select different outboxes
116 depending on your selected from address, if you need that
117 functionality. Please see the documentation on the variable in the
118 customization window for how to do so.
120 * <span id="customize_notmuch_folder">**How to customize notmuch-folders**</span>
122 There's a "notmuch-folder" command available in the emacs client
123 that displays a list of "folders" and the number of messages in
124 each. Each folder is simply a named search specification. To
125 configure this mode, edit your ${HOME}/.emacs file and include text
126 something like the following:
128 (setq notmuch-folders '(("inbox" . "tag:inbox")
129 ("unread" . "tag:inbox AND tag:unread")
130 ("notmuch" . "tag:inbox AND to:notmuchmail.org")))
132 Of course, you can have any number of folders, each configured
133 with any supported search terms (see "notmuch help search-terms").
135 Personally, I find it fairly useful to add "not tag:delete" to those
136 views as I use that tag to mark messages as deleted and it
137 automatically removes them from my standard views. Use whatever
138 seems most useful to you.
140 * **Viewing HTML messages with an external viewer**
142 The emacs client can often display an HTML message inline, but it
143 sometimes fails for one reason or another, (or is perhaps inadequate
144 if you really need to see the graphical presentation of the HTML
147 In this case, it can be useful to display the message in an external
148 viewer, such as a web browser. Here's a little script that Keith
149 Packard wrote, which he calls view-html:
154 cat "$@" > "$dir"/msg
155 if munpack -C "$dir" -t < "$dir"/msg 2>&1 | grep 'Did not find'; then
156 sed -n '/[Hh][Tt][Mm][Ll]/,$p' "$dir"/msg > $dir/part1.html
159 for i in "$dir"/part*; do
160 if grep -q -i -e '<html>' -e 'text/html' "$i"; then
167 Save that script somewhere in your ${PATH}, make it executable, and
168 change the invocation of iceweasel to any other HTML viewer if
169 necessary. Then within the emacs client, press "|" to pipe the
170 current message, then type "view-html".
172 Keith mentions the following caveat, "Note that if iceweasel isn't
173 already running, it seems to shut down when the script exits. I
176 * **msmtp, message mode and multiple accounts**
178 As an alternative to running a mail server such as sendmail or
179 postfix just to send email, it is possible to use
180 [msmtp](http://msmtp.sourceforge.net/). This small application will
181 look like /usr/bin/sendmail to a MUA such as emacs message mode, but
182 will just forward the email to an external SMTP server. It's fairly
183 easy to set up and it support several account for using different
184 SMTP servers. The msmtp pages have several examples.
186 A typical scenario is that you want to use the company SMTP server
187 for email coming from your company email address, and your personal
188 server for personal email. If msmtp is passed the envelope address
189 on the command line (the -f/--from option) it will automatically
190 pick the matching account. The only trick here seems to be getting
191 emacs to actually pass the envelope from. There are a number of
192 overlapping configuration variables that control this, and it's a
193 little confusion, but setting these three works for me:
195 - mail-specify-envelope-from: t
197 - message-sendmail-envelope-from: header
199 - mail-envelope-from: header
201 With that in place, you need a .msmtprc with the accounts configured
202 for the domains you want to send out using specific SMTP servers and
203 the rest will go to the default account.
205 * <span id="address_completion">**how to get email address completion**</span>
206 There are 2 solutions. Use "bbdb" which allows you to maintain a mail database and gives you mail address completion with the tab key.
208 Alternatively, you use the notmuch database as a mail address book
209 itself. You need a command line tool that outputs likely address
210 candidates based on a search string. There is a python tool
211 notmuch_address.py (which can be fetched with `git clone
212 http://jkr.acm.jhu.edu/git/notmuch_addresses.git`) (slower, but no
213 compilation required so good for testing the setup) or the
214 vala-based addrlookup (faster, but needs compiling). This is how
215 you compile the (3rd party) tool "addrlookup" to give you address
218 - you need the addrlookup binary, first of all. Grab http://github.com/spaetz/vala-notmuch/raw/static-sources/src/addrlookup.c and build it with `cc -o addrlookup addrlookup.c ``pkg-config --cflags --libs gobject-2.0`` -lnotmuch`. That should give you the binary that you can test already.
220 - EUDC is integrated into emacs and can be used for tab completion
221 of email addresses. The code I use is here
222 http://gist.github.com/359425. It was announce in [this
223 mail](http://mid.gmane.org/87fx3uflkx.fsf@jhu.edu)
224 (id:87fx3uflkx.fsf@jhu.edu) which contains links to the git
225 repositories which contain the files.
227 * <span id="sign_messages_gpg">**how to sign/encrypt my messages with
230 You can manually sign your messages with gpg by invoking `M-x
231 mml-secure-sign-pgpmime` (or `M-x
232 mml-secure-encrypt-pgpmime`). These functions are available via the
233 convenient (*cough cough*) keybindings `C-c C-m s p` and `C-c C-m c
234 p` by default. To sign my outgoing mail by default, I use this hook
237 ;;sign messages by default
238 (add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'mml-secure-sign-pgpmime)
240 This inserts the blurb `<#part sign=pgpmime>` into the beginning of
241 my mail text body and will be converted into a pgp signature when
242 sending (so I can just manually delete that line if I do not want a