1 /* mnemon - A memory training program
3 * Copyright © 2006,2011 Carl Worth
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA."
28 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <readline/readline.h>
38 #include <readline/history.h>
42 #define ASSERT_NOT_REACHED \
44 static const int NOT_REACHED = 0; \
45 assert (NOT_REACHED); \
48 typedef struct progress {
56 xstrndup (const char *s, size_t n)
62 fprintf (stderr, "Error: out of memory\n");
70 xasprintf (char **strp, const char *fmt, ...)
76 ret = vasprintf (strp, fmt, ap);
80 fprintf (stderr, "Error: out of memory\n");
86 _show_challenge (mnemon_t *mnemon,
87 const char *challenge_type,
88 const char *challenge)
93 if (strcmp (challenge_type, "text") == 0) {
94 printf ("%s\n", challenge);
98 /* XXX: Yes, shelling out to system is total cheese. The planned
99 * fix here is to bring graphical display in process, (or at least
100 * have a custom external program that accepts image filenames on
103 if (strcmp (challenge_type, "image") == 0) {
104 program = "xli -gamma 2.2";
105 } else if (strcmp (challenge_type, "audio") == 0) {
107 } else if (strcmp (challenge_type, "midi") == 0) {
108 program = "timidity -Os";
109 } else if (strcmp (challenge_type, "text-to-speech") == 0) {
110 program = "mnemon-tts";
112 fprintf (stderr, "Error: unsupported challenge type: %s\n",
117 xasprintf (&command, "%s %s/%s >/dev/null 2>&1 &",
126 _hide_challenge (unused (mnemon_t *mnemon),
127 const char *challenge_type)
131 if (strcmp (challenge_type, "image"))
134 /* XXX: And this is just embarrassing (obviously wrong in several
135 * ways). Hopefully I'll amend away any commit that includes this.
137 xasprintf (&command, "killall xli");
142 typedef int (item_match_predicate_t) (void *closure, item_t *item);
144 /* Return the number of items in the bin from the given category (or
145 * from all categories if category == NULL) */
147 bin_num_items_matching (bin_t *bin,
148 item_match_predicate_t *predicate,
151 unsigned int i, num_items = 0;
153 if (predicate == NULL)
154 return bin->num_items;
156 for (i = 0; i < bin->num_items; i++)
157 if ((predicate) (closure, bin->items[i]))
163 typedef struct _item_in_category_closure
166 category_t *category;
167 } item_in_category_closure_t;
170 mnemon_item_in_category (void *closure, item_t *item)
172 item_in_category_closure_t *iicc = closure;
173 mnemon_t *mnemon = iicc->mnemon;
174 category_t *category = iicc->category;
176 return (mnemon_item_category (mnemon, item) == category);
179 typedef struct _item_in_category_of_length_closure
182 category_t *category;
184 } item_in_category_of_length_closure_t;
187 mnemon_item_in_category_of_length (void *closure, item_t *item)
189 item_in_category_of_length_closure_t *iicolc = closure;
190 mnemon_t *mnemon = iicolc->mnemon;
191 category_t *category = iicolc->category;
192 unsigned int length = iicolc->length;
194 if (mnemon_item_category (mnemon, item) != category)
197 return strlen (item->challenge) == length;
200 #define HISTOGRAM_ROW_FORMAT "%3d: %3d"
201 #define HISTOGRAM_BAR_WIDTH 63
204 print_histogram_bar (double size,
207 int units_per_cell = (int) ceil (max / HISTOGRAM_BAR_WIDTH);
208 static char const *boxes[8] = {
213 while (size > units_per_cell) {
215 size -= units_per_cell;
218 size /= units_per_cell;
222 else if (size > 6.5/8.0)
224 else if (size > 5.5/8.0)
226 else if (size > 4.5/8.0)
228 else if (size > 3.5/8.0)
230 else if (size > 2.5/8.0)
232 else if (size > 1.5/8.0)
234 else if (size > 0.5/8.0)
240 /* Print a histogram showing the number of items in each bin.
242 * If category_name is not NULL, then only the items from the given
243 * category (matching a particular filename within the user's .mnemon
244 * directory) will be shown.
246 * If length is non zero, then only items with a challenge string of
247 * 'length' characters will be shown. (This is only useful for
248 * particular types of challenges, such as for showing anagram
249 * challenges of a given length).
251 * To see a histogram of all currently-loaded items, pass NULL for
252 * category and 0 for length.
254 * Note: Some bins may be removed entirely by (a misfeature side
255 * effect of) the mnemon_do_challenges function, (such as bin 0 being
256 * removed after the introduction phase is complete). An accurate
257 * histogram can be guaranteed by calling menmon_print_histogram
258 * immediately after calling mnemon_load.
261 print_histogram (mnemon_t *mnemon,
262 const char *category_name,
267 category_t *category = NULL;
269 unsigned int num_items;
270 item_match_predicate_t *predicate = NULL;
271 void *closure = NULL;
272 item_in_category_closure_t item_in_category;
273 item_in_category_of_length_closure_t item_in_category_of_length;
275 if (mnemon->num_bins == 0)
279 category = mnemon_get_category_if_exists (mnemon, category_name);
282 predicate = mnemon_item_in_category_of_length;
283 item_in_category_of_length.mnemon = mnemon;
284 item_in_category_of_length.category = category;
285 item_in_category_of_length.length = length;
286 closure = &item_in_category_of_length;
288 predicate = mnemon_item_in_category;
289 item_in_category.mnemon = mnemon;
290 item_in_category.category = category;
291 closure = &item_in_category;
296 for (i = 0; i < mnemon->num_bins; i++) {
297 num_items = bin_num_items_matching (&mnemon->bins[i],
299 if (i == 0 || num_items > max)
303 for (i = 0; i < mnemon->num_bins; i++) {
304 bin = &mnemon->bins[i];
306 while (bin->score - last_score > 1)
307 printf (HISTOGRAM_ROW_FORMAT "\n", ++last_score, 0);
308 num_items = bin_num_items_matching (bin,
310 printf (HISTOGRAM_ROW_FORMAT " ", bin->score, num_items);
311 print_histogram_bar (num_items, max);
312 last_score = bin->score;
317 _handle_command (mnemon_t *mnemon,
322 switch (command[0]) {
323 /* 'h' for histogram */
326 char *category = NULL;
330 arg += strspn (arg, " \t");
331 len = strcspn (arg, " \t");
333 category = xstrndup (arg, len);
335 arg += strspn (arg, " \t");
339 print_histogram (mnemon, category, length);
345 /* Nothing necessary for repeating. */
349 printf ("Unknown command: %s\n", command);
355 _handle_response (mnemon_t *mnemon,
359 const char *response,
360 double response_time,
362 progress_t *progress)
365 int old_score = item->score;
367 correct = (strcmp (response, item->response) == 0);
371 printf (" %s is the correct answer.",
376 (time_limit != 0.0 && response_time > time_limit))
378 printf ("Correct, but not quite quick enough (%0.2f seconds---needed %0.2f seconds)\n",
379 response_time, time_limit);
383 mnemon_score_item (mnemon, bin, item_index, correct);
387 if (item->score < 0) {
388 printf ("Yes---just give me %d more.",
390 } else if (item->score == 1) {
392 progress->unlearned--;
393 printf ("You got it!");
395 printf ("On your first try, no less!");
398 printf ("Masterful (%dx).", item->score);
399 if (progress->to_master)
400 progress->to_master--;
404 printf (" Oops, you knew that, right? (%dx)\n ",
406 progress->unlearned++;
407 /* We increase to_master here as an extra penalty. If the
408 * user is forgetting stuff learned previously, then more
409 * time should be spent on mastering than learning new
410 * items. Note that we only do this during the initial
411 * phase while new items are still being introduced. */
412 if (progress->to_introduce)
413 progress->to_master++;
418 if (progress->to_introduce)
419 printf ("%d to come. ", progress->to_introduce);
420 if (progress->unlearned)
421 printf ("%d still unlearned. ", progress->unlearned);
422 if (progress->to_introduce == 0 && progress->to_master > 0)
423 printf ("%d items to master", progress->to_master);
427 /* A session of challenges consists of three phases, some of which may
428 * be entirely empty, as follows:
430 * 1. The introduction phase
432 * This phase is controlled by the to_introduce counter which is
433 * by default set to 10. It is decremented every time an item is
434 * introduced from the bin with score 0, or (if there is no bin
435 * with score 0), every time an item is introduced from the bin
436 * with the lowest non-negative score of any bin.
438 * 2. The mastering phase
440 * This phase is controlled by the to_master counter which is
441 * initially set to 10. It begins at the beginning of the session
442 * so can run concurrently with the introduction phase. The
443 * to_master counter is decremented every time an item with a
444 * positive (non-zero) score is answered correctly. It is also
445 * incremented every time an item with a positive (non-zero) score
446 * is answered incorrectly during the introduction phase. If
447 * perfect mastery is demonstrated, the mastering phase is likely
448 * to be complete simultaneous with the introduction stage. If the
449 * user is really struggling with mastery, the mastering phase
450 * will extend long after the introduction phase is over. But
451 * since we never incremeent to_master after the introduction
452 * phase is over, the user cannot build an infinite snowball of
453 * to_master items and have to give up in despair.
455 * 3. The solidifying phase
457 * This final phase continues after the mastering phase for as
458 * long as any items with a negative score remain. The idea here
459 * is that we want to quickly give the reinforcement from a missed
460 * item in the current session. Also, there's a bit of a challenge
461 * to the user to demonstrate good mastery of any non-negative
462 * items presented so that the phase actually terminates. It's
463 * possible for this phase to extend for an arbitrary amount of
464 * time, but not very likely, (since the negative items are chosen
465 * preferentially and the user will continue to see the correct
466 * answers to them over and over).
468 * This function returns after all three phases are complete.
470 * The user's progress (the movement of items to various new bins) is
471 * kept only in memory. In order to save this progress to disk, the
472 * caller must call mnemon_save.
475 _do_challenges (mnemon_t *mnemon, progress_t *progress)
480 category_t *category;
484 /* Count the number of items with negative scores. */
485 progress->unlearned = 0;
486 for (i = 0; i < mnemon->num_bins; i++) {
487 bin = &mnemon->bins[i];
490 progress->unlearned += bin->num_items;
493 progress->to_introduce -= progress->unlearned;
494 if (progress->to_introduce < 0)
495 progress->to_introduce = 0;
497 /* Get rid of bin with score of 0 if we aren't going to be
498 * introducing anything from it. */
499 if (progress->to_introduce == 0) {
500 mnemon_remove_bin (mnemon, 0);
503 if (progress->unlearned) {
504 printf ("You've got %d items to learn already. ", progress->unlearned);
505 if (progress->to_introduce)
506 printf ("I'll introduce %d more as we go.", progress->to_introduce);
509 printf ("Introducing %d new items.\n", progress->to_introduce);
514 struct timeval start, end;
517 mnemon_select_item (mnemon, &bin, &item_index, &category, &introduced);
518 item = bin->items[item_index];
520 if (progress->to_introduce > 0 && introduced)
521 progress->to_introduce--;
524 if (category->time_limit > 0.0) {
525 response = readline ("The next one is timed. Press enter when ready:");
529 _show_challenge (mnemon, category->challenge_type,
532 gettimeofday (&start, NULL);
533 response = readline ("> ");
534 gettimeofday (&end, NULL);
536 _hide_challenge (mnemon, category->challenge_type);
538 /* Terminate on EOF */
539 if (response == NULL) {
544 if (response[0] == '/') {
545 _handle_command (mnemon, response + 1);
552 _handle_response (mnemon, bin, item_index,
554 (end.tv_sec + end.tv_usec / 1e6) -
555 (start.tv_sec + start.tv_usec / 1e6),
556 category->time_limit, progress);
559 /* Replay audio challenges for reinforcement. */
560 if (category->repeat)
562 _show_challenge (mnemon, category->challenge_type,
564 printf ("%s\n", item->challenge);
567 } while (progress->to_introduce ||
568 progress->unlearned ||
569 progress->to_master > 0);
573 main (int argc, char *argv[])
579 void _load_categories()
583 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
584 mnemon_load_category (&mnemon, argv[i]);
586 mnemon_load (&mnemon);
592 mnemon_init (&mnemon);
596 /* Set some reasonable defaults for a session */
597 progress.to_introduce = 10;
598 progress.to_master = 10;
599 progress.unlearned = 0;
600 progress.mastered = -1;
602 _do_challenges (&mnemon, &progress);
604 mnemon_save (&mnemon);
606 mnemon_fini (&mnemon);
608 mnemon_init (&mnemon);
612 printf ("Great job.\nHere are your current results:\n");
613 print_histogram (&mnemon, NULL, 0);
614 response = readline ("Press enter to quit.\n");
617 mnemon_fini (&mnemon);