This is tar.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from tar.texi.
-This manual is for GNU `tar' (version 1.22, 5 March 2009), which
+This manual is for GNU `tar' (version 1.23, 9 March 2010), which
creates and extracts files from archives.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003,
-2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
* tar: (tar)tar invocation. Invoking GNU `tar'.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
+\1f
+File: tar.info, Node: Formats, Next: Media, Prev: Date input formats, Up: Top
+
+8 Controlling the Archive Format
+********************************
+
+Due to historical reasons, there are several formats of tar archives.
+All of them are based on the same principles, but have some subtle
+differences that often make them incompatible with each other.
+
+ GNU tar is able to create and handle archives in a variety of
+formats. The most frequently used formats are (in alphabetical order):
+
+gnu
+ Format used by GNU `tar' versions up to 1.13.25. This format
+ derived from an early POSIX standard, adding some improvements
+ such as sparse file handling and incremental archives.
+ Unfortunately these features were implemented in a way
+ incompatible with other archive formats.
+
+ Archives in `gnu' format are able to hold file names of unlimited
+ length.
+
+oldgnu
+ Format used by GNU `tar' of versions prior to 1.12.
+
+v7
+ Archive format, compatible with the V7 implementation of tar. This
+ format imposes a number of limitations. The most important of them
+ are:
+
+ 1. The maximum length of a file name is limited to 99 characters.
+
+ 2. The maximum length of a symbolic link is limited to 99
+ characters.
+
+ 3. It is impossible to store special files (block and character
+ devices, fifos etc.)
+
+ 4. Maximum value of user or group ID is limited to 2097151
+ (7777777 octal)
+
+ 5. V7 archives do not contain symbolic ownership information
+ (user and group name of the file owner).
+
+ This format has traditionally been used by Automake when producing
+ Makefiles. This practice will change in the future, in the
+ meantime, however this means that projects containing file names
+ more than 99 characters long will not be able to use GNU `tar'
+ 1.23 and Automake prior to 1.9.
+
+ustar
+ Archive format defined by POSIX.1-1988 specification. It stores
+ symbolic ownership information. It is also able to store special
+ files. However, it imposes several restrictions as well:
+
+ 1. The maximum length of a file name is limited to 256
+ characters, provided that the file name can be split at a
+ directory separator in two parts, first of them being at most
+ 155 bytes long. So, in most cases the maximum file name
+ length will be shorter than 256 characters.
+
+ 2. The maximum length of a symbolic link name is limited to 100
+ characters.
+
+ 3. Maximum size of a file the archive is able to accommodate is
+ 8GB
+
+ 4. Maximum value of UID/GID is 2097151.
+
+ 5. Maximum number of bits in device major and minor numbers is
+ 21.
+
+star
+ Format used by Jo"rg Schilling `star' implementation. GNU `tar'
+ is able to read `star' archives but currently does not produce
+ them.
+
+posix
+ Archive format defined by POSIX.1-2001 specification. This is the
+ most flexible and feature-rich format. It does not impose any
+ restrictions on file sizes or file name lengths. This format is
+ quite recent, so not all tar implementations are able to handle it
+ properly. However, this format is designed in such a way that any
+ tar implementation able to read `ustar' archives will be able to
+ read most `posix' archives as well, with the only exception that
+ any additional information (such as long file names etc.) will in
+ such case be extracted as plain text files along with the files it
+ refers to.
+
+ This archive format will be the default format for future versions
+ of GNU `tar'.
+
+
+ The following table summarizes the limitations of each of these
+formats:
+
+Format UID File Size File Name Devn
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+gnu 1.8e19 Unlimited Unlimited 63
+oldgnu 1.8e19 Unlimited Unlimited 63
+v7 2097151 8GB 99 n/a
+ustar 2097151 8GB 256 21
+posix Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited
+
+ The default format for GNU `tar' is defined at compilation time.
+You may check it by running `tar --help', and examining the last lines
+of its output. Usually, GNU `tar' is configured to create archives in
+`gnu' format, however, future version will switch to `posix'.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Compression:: Using Less Space through Compression
+* Attributes:: Handling File Attributes
+* Portability:: Making `tar' Archives More Portable
+* cpio:: Comparison of `tar' and `cpio'
+
+\1f
+File: tar.info, Node: Compression, Next: Attributes, Up: Formats
+
+8.1 Using Less Space through Compression
+========================================
+
+* Menu:
+
+* gzip:: Creating and Reading Compressed Archives
+* sparse:: Archiving Sparse Files
+
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: gzip, Next: sparse, Up: Compression
----------------------------------------------
GNU `tar' is able to create and read compressed archives. It supports
-`gzip', `bzip2', `lzma' and `lzop' compression programs. For backward
-compatibility, it also supports `compress' command, although we
-strongly recommend against using it, because it is by far less
-effective than other compression programs(1).
+a wide variety of compression programs, namely: `gzip', `bzip2',
+`lzip', `lzma', `lzop', `xz' and traditional `compress'. The latter is
+supported mostly for backward compatibility, and we recommend against
+using it, because it is by far less effective than the other
+compression programs(1).
Creating a compressed archive is simple: you just specify a
"compression option" along with the usual archive creation commands.
The compression option is `-z' (`--gzip') to create a `gzip' compressed
-archive, `-j' (`--bzip2') to create a `bzip2' compressed archive, `-J'
-(`--xz') to create an XZ archive, `--lzma' to create an LZMA compressed
-archive, `--lzop' to create an LSOP archive, and `-Z' (`--compress') to
-use `compress' program. For example:
+archive, `-j' (`--bzip2') to create a `bzip2' compressed archive,
+`--lzip' to create an lzip compressed archive, `-J' (`--xz') to create
+an XZ archive, `--lzma' to create an LZMA compressed archive, `--lzop'
+to create an LSOP archive, and `-Z' (`--compress') to use `compress'
+program. For example:
$ tar cfz archive.tar.gz .
Notice also, that there are several restrictions on operations on
compressed archives. First of all, compressed archives cannot be
-modified, i.e., you cannot update (`--update' (`-u')) them or delete
-(`--delete') members from them or add (`--append' (`-r')) members to
-them. Likewise, you cannot append another `tar' archive to a
-compressed archive using `--concatenate' (`-A')). Secondly,
+modified, i.e., you cannot update (`--update', alias `-u') them or
+delete (`--delete') members from them or add (`--append', alias `-r')
+members to them. Likewise, you cannot append another `tar' archive to
+a compressed archive using `--concatenate' (`-A'). Secondly,
multi-volume archives cannot be compressed.
The following table summarizes compression options used by GNU `tar'.
`.tz2' `bzip2'
`.tbz2' `bzip2'
`.tbz' `bzip2'
+ `.lz' `lzip'
`.lzma' `lzma'
`.tlz' `lzma'
`.lzo' `lzop'
`--bzip2'
Filter the archive through `bzip2'. Otherwise like `--gzip'.
+`--lzip'
+ Filter the archive through `lzip'. Otherwise like `--gzip'.
+
`--lzma'
Filter the archive through `lzma'. Otherwise like `--gzip'.
`--use-compress-program=PROG'
`-I=PROG'
- Use external compression program PROG. Use this option if you
- have a compression program that GNU `tar' does not support. There
- are two requirements to which PROG should comply:
+ Use external compression program PROG. Use this option if you are
+ not happy with the compression program associated with the suffix
+ at compile time or if you have a compression program that GNU `tar'
+ does not support. There are two requirements to which PROG should
+ comply:
First, when called without options, it should read data from
standard input, compress it and output it on standard output.
#! /bin/sh
case $1 in
-d) gpg --decrypt - | gzip -d -c;;
- '') gzip -c | gpg -s ;;
+ '') gzip -c | gpg -s;;
*) echo "Unknown option $1">&2; exit 1;;
esac
8.2 Handling File Attributes
============================
- _(This message will disappear, once this node revised.)_
-
When `tar' reads files, it updates their access times. To avoid this,
use the `--atime-preserve[=METHOD]' option, which can either reset the
access time retroactively or avoid changing it in the first place.
- Handling of file attributes
-
`--atime-preserve'
`--atime-preserve=replace'
`--atime-preserve=system'
The numeric ids are _always_ saved into `tar' archives. The
identifying names are added at create time when provided by the
- system, unless `--old-archive' (`-o') is used. Numeric ids could
- be used when moving archives between a collection of machines using
- a centralized management for attribution of numeric ids to users
- and groups. This is often made through using the NIS capabilities.
+ system, unless `--format=oldgnu' is used. Numeric ids could be
+ used when moving archives between a collection of machines using a
+ centralized management for attribution of numeric ids to users and
+ groups. This is often made through using the NIS capabilities.
When making a `tar' file for distribution to other sites, it is
sometimes cleaner to use a single owner for all files in the
8.3.3 Hard Links
----------------
- _(This message will disappear, once this node revised.)_
-
Normally, when `tar' archives a hard link, it writes a block to the
archive naming the target of the link (a `1' type block). In that way,
the actual file contents is stored in file only once. For example,
For example, trying to archive only file `jeden' with this option
produces the following diagnostics:
- $ tar -c -f ../archive.tar jeden
+ $ tar -c -f ../archive.tar -l jeden
tar: Missing links to `jeden'.
Although creating special records for hard links helps keep a
%d/PaxHeaders.%p/%f
+`exthdr.mtime=VALUE'
+ This keyword defines the value of the `mtime' field that is
+ written into the ustar header blocks for the extended headers. By
+ default, the `mtime' field is set to the modification time of the
+ archive member described by that extended headers.
+
`globexthdr.name=STRING'
This keyword allows user control over the name that is written into
the ustar header blocks for global extended header records. The
where `$TMPDIR' represents the value of the TMPDIR environment
variable. If TMPDIR is not set, `tar' uses `/tmp'.
+`globexthdr.mtime=VALUE'
+ This keyword defines the value of the `mtime' field that is
+ written into the ustar header blocks for the global extended
+ headers. By default, the `mtime' field is set to the time when
+ `tar' was invoked.
+
`KEYWORD=VALUE'
When used with one of archive-creation commands, these
keyword/value pairs will be included at the beginning of the
the group name will be forced to a new value for all files stored
in the archive.
+ In any of the forms described above, the VALUE may be a string
+enclosed in curly braces. In that case, the string between the braces
+is understood either as a textual time representation, as described in
+*note Date input formats::, or a name of the existing file, starting
+with `/' or `.'. In the latter case, the modification time of that
+file is used.
+
+ For example, to set all modification times to the current date, you
+use the following option:
+
+ --pax-option='mtime:={now}'
+
+ Note quoting of the option's argument.
+
+ As another example, here is the option that ensures that any two
+archives created using it, will be binary equivalent if they have the
+same contents:
+
+ --pax-option=exthdr.name=%d/PaxHeaders/%f,atime:=0
+
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: Checksumming, Next: Large or Negative Values, Prev: posix, Up: Portability
characters with the eight bit set, because they use signed checksums,
while GNU `tar' uses unsigned checksums while creating archives, as per
POSIX standards. On reading, GNU `tar' computes both checksums and
-accept any. It is somewhat worrying that a lot of people may go around
-doing backup of their files using faulty (or at least non-standard)
-software, not learning about it until it's time to restore their
-missing files with an incompatible file extractor, or vice versa.
+accepts any. It is somewhat worrying that a lot of people may go
+around doing backup of their files using faulty (or at least
+non-standard) software, not learning about it until it's time to
+restore their missing files with an incompatible file extractor, or
+vice versa.
- GNU `tar' compute checksums both ways, and accept any on read, so
+ GNU `tar' computes checksums both ways, and accept any on read, so
GNU tar can read Sun tapes even with their wrong checksums. GNU `tar'
produces the standard checksum, however, raising incompatibilities with
Sun. That is to say, GNU `tar' has not been modified to _produce_
later).
`tar''s way of handling multiple hard links to a file can handle
-file systems that support 32-bit inumbers (e.g., the BSD file system);
+file systems that support 32-bit i-numbers (e.g., the BSD file system);
`cpio's way requires you to play some games (in its "binary" format,
i-numbers are only 16 bits, and in its "portable ASCII" format, they're
18 bits--it would have to play games with the "file system ID" field of
sources for `tar'; it's compiled and installed by default. The exact
path to this utility is determined when configuring the package. It is
`PREFIX/libexec/rmt', where PREFIX stands for your installation prefix.
-This location may also be overridden at runtime by using
-`rmt-command=COMMAND' option (*Note --rmt-command: Option Summary, for
-detailed description of this option. *Note Remote Tape Server::, for
-the description of `rmt' command).
+This location may also be overridden at runtime by using the
+`--rmt-command=COMMAND' option (*Note --rmt-command: Option Summary,
+for detailed description of this option. *Note Remote Tape Server::,
+for the description of `rmt' command).
If this option is not given, but the environment variable `TAPE' is
set, its value is used; otherwise, old versions of `tar' used a default
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: Remote Tape Server, Next: Common Problems and Solutions, Prev: Device, Up: Media
-9.2 The Remote Tape Server
-==========================
+9.2 Remote Tape Server
+======================
In order to access the tape drive on a remote machine, `tar' uses the
remote tape server written at the University of California at Berkeley.
written). This is currently possible only on two kinds of files: normal
disk files (or any other file that can be backspaced with `lseek'), and
industry-standard 9-track magnetic tape (or any other kind of tape that
-can be backspaced with the `MTIOCTOP' `ioctl'.
+can be backspaced with the `MTIOCTOP' `ioctl').
This means that the `--append', `--concatenate', and `--delete'
commands will not work on any other kind of file. Some media simply
9.4 Blocking
============
- _(This message will disappear, once this node revised.)_
-
"Block" and "record" terminology is rather confused, and it is also
confusing to the expert reader. On the other hand, readers who are new
to the field have a fresh mind, and they may safely skip the next two
sure what the blocking factor is), you can usually use the
`--read-full-records' (`-B') option while specifying a blocking factor
larger then the blocking factor of the archive (i.e., `tar --extract
---read-full-records --blocking-factor=300'. *Note list::, for more
+--read-full-records --blocking-factor=300'). *Note list::, for more
information on the `--list' (`-t') operation. *Note Reading::, for a
more detailed explanation of that option.
`-b BLOCKS'
`--blocking-factor=BLOCKS'
- Set record size to BLOCKS * 512 bytes.
+ Set record size to BLOCKS*512 bytes.
This option is used to specify a "blocking factor" for the archive.
When reading or writing the archive, `tar', will do reads and
for later regaining the reading or writing speed. When the tape driver
starts reading a record, the record has to be read whole without
stopping, as a tape gap is needed to stop the tape motion without
-loosing information.
+losing information.
Using higher blocking (putting more disk blocks per tape block) will
use the tape more efficiently as there will be less tape gaps. But
Moves tape position back NUMBER files.
`rewind'
- Rewinds the tape. (Ignores NUMBER).
+ Rewinds the tape. (Ignores NUMBER.)
`offline'
`rewoff1'
Rewinds the tape and takes the tape device off-line. (Ignores
- NUMBER).
+ NUMBER.)
`status'
Prints status information about the tape unit.
the media, use the `--multi-volume' (`-M') option in conjunction with
the `--create' option (*note create::). A "multi-volume" archive can
be manipulated like any other archive (provided the `--multi-volume'
-option is specified), but is stored on more than one tape or disk.
+option is specified), but is stored on more than one tape or file.
When you specify `--multi-volume', `tar' does not report an error
when it comes to the end of an archive volume (when reading), or the
responses:
`?'
- Request `tar' to explain possible responses
+ Request `tar' to explain possible responses.
`q'
Request `tar' to exit immediately.
The name of the archive `tar' is processing.
`TAR_BLOCKING_FACTOR'
- Current blocking factor (*note Blocking::.
+ Current blocking factor (*note Blocking::).
`TAR_VOLUME'
Ordinal number of the volume `tar' is about to start.
`TAR_SUBCOMMAND'
- A short option describing the operation `tar' is executing *Note
+ A short option describing the operation `tar' is executing. *Note
Operations::, for a complete list of subcommand options.
`TAR_FORMAT'
(1) If you run GNU `tar' under a different locale, the translation
to the locale's language will be used.
- (2) *Note --restrict::, for more information about this option
+ (2) *Note --restrict::, for more information about this option.
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: Tape Files, Next: Tarcat, Prev: Multi-Volume Archives, Up: Using Multiple Tapes
listed with `--list'. If you are creating a multi-volume archive with
`--multi-volume' (*note Using Multiple Tapes::), then the volume label
will have `Volume NNN' appended to the name you give, where NNN is the
-number of the volume of the archive. (If you use the
+number of the volume of the archive. If you use the
`--label=VOLUME-LABEL') option when reading an archive, it checks to
make sure the label on the tape matches the one you give. *Note label::.
the archive is being created, when used in conjunction with the
`--create' operation. Checks to make sure the archive label
matches the one specified (when used in conjunction with any other
- operation.
+ operation).
If you create an archive using both `--label=ARCHIVE-LABEL' (`-V
ARCHIVE-LABEL') and `--multi-volume' (`-M'), each volume of the archive
$ tar cfMV /dev/tape "Daily backup for `date +%Y-%m-%d`"
$ tar --create --file=/dev/tape --multi-volume \
- --volume="Daily backup for `date +%Y-%m-%d`"
+ --label="Daily backup for `date +%Y-%m-%d`"
Also note that each label has its own date and time, which
corresponds to when GNU `tar' initially attempted to write it, often
an archive is written, you should write protect the media to prevent
the archive from being accidentally overwritten or deleted. (This will
protect the archive from being changed with a tape or floppy drive--it
-will not protect it from magnet fields or other physical hazards).
+will not protect it from magnet fields or other physical hazards.)
The write protection device itself is usually an integral part of the
physical media, and can be a two position (write enabled/write
******************
This appendix lists some important user-visible changes between version
-GNU `tar' 1.22 and previous versions. An up-to-date version of this
+GNU `tar' 1.23 and previous versions. An up-to-date version of this
document is available at the GNU `tar' documentation page
(http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/changes.html).
tar: *.c: Not found in archive
tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors
- To treat member names as globbing patterns, use -wildcards option.
- If you want to tar to mimic the behavior of versions prior to
- 1.15.91, add this option to your `TAR_OPTIONS' variable.
+ To treat member names as globbing patterns, use the `--wildcards'
+ option. If you want to tar to mimic the behavior of versions
+ prior to 1.15.91, add this option to your `TAR_OPTIONS' variable.
*Note wildcards::, for the detailed discussion of the use of
globbing patterns by GNU `tar'.
distribution tarballs. *Note v7: Formats, for the detailed
discussion of this issue and its implications.
- . *Note tar-v7: (automake)Options, for a description on how to
+ *Note tar-formats: (automake)Options, for a description on how to
use various archive formats with `automake'.
Future versions of GNU `tar' will understand `-o' only as a
Use of short option `-l'
Earlier versions of GNU `tar' understood `-l' option as a synonym
for `--one-file-system'. Since such usage contradicted to UNIX98
- specification and harmed compatibility with other implementation,
+ specification and harmed compatibility with other implementations,
it was declared deprecated in version 1.14. However, to
facilitate transition to its new semantics, it was supported by
versions 1.15 and 1.15.90. The present use of `-l' as a short
********************************
Sometimes device numbers can change after upgrading your kernel version
-or recofiguring the harvare. Reportedly this is the case with some
+or reconfiguring the hardware. Reportedly this is the case with some
newer Linux kernels, when using LVM. In majority of cases this change
is unnoticed by the users. However, it influences `tar' incremental
backups: the device number is stored in tar snapshot files (*note
$ tar-snapshot-edit SNAPFILE
where SNAPFILE is the name of the snapshot file (you can supply as many
-files as you wish in a single command line ).
+files as you wish in a single command line).
To update all occurrences of the given device number in the file, use
`-r' option. It takes a single argument of the form `OLDDEV-NEWDEV',
contained many flaws, it was the only format GNU `tar' supported until
version 1.14 (May, 2004), which introduced initial support for sparse
archives in PAX archives (*note posix::). This format was not free
-from design flows, either and it was subsequently improved in versions
+from design flaws, either and it was subsequently improved in versions
1.15.2 (November, 2005) and 1.15.92 (June, 2006).
In addition to GNU sparse format, GNU `tar' is able to read and
D.0.1 Old GNU Format
--------------------
-The format introduced some time around 1990 (v. 1.09). It was designed
-on top of standard `ustar' headers in such an unfortunate way that some
-of its fields overwrote fields required by POSIX.
+The format introduced in November 1990 (v. 1.09) was designed on top of
+standard `ustar' headers in such an unfortunate way that some of its
+fields overwrote fields required by POSIX.
An old GNU sparse header is designated by type `S'
(`GNUTYPE_SPARSE') and has the following layout:
Offset Size Name Data type Contents
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-0 21 sp `sparse_header' (21 entires) File map.
+0 21 sp `sparse_header' (21 entries) File map.
504 1 isextended Bool `1' if an extension sparse
header follows, or `0'
otherwise.
variables:
`GNU.sparse.size'
- Real size of the stored file
+ Real size of the stored file;
`GNU.sparse.numblocks'
- Number of blocks in the sparse map
+ Number of blocks in the sparse map;
`GNU.sparse.offset'
- Offset of the data block
+ Offset of the data block;
`GNU.sparse.numbytes'
- Size of the data block
+ Size of the data block.
The latter two variables repeat for each data block, so the overall
structure is like this:
`GNU.sparse.offset' and `GNU.sparse.numbytes' are conflicting with
the POSIX specs.
- 2. Attempting to extract such archives using a third-party `tar's
- results in extraction of sparse files in _compressed form_. If
- the `tar' implementation in question does not support POSIX
- format, it will also extract a file containing extension header
- attributes. This file can be used to expand the file to its
- original state. However, posix-aware `tar's will usually ignore
- the unknown variables, which makes restoring the file more
- difficult. *Note Extraction of sparse members in v.0.0 format:
- extracting sparse v.0.x, for the detailed description of how to
- restore such members using non-GNU `tar's.
+ 2. Attempting to extract such archives using a third-party's `tar'
+ results in extraction of sparse files in _condensed form_. If the
+ `tar' implementation in question does not support POSIX format, it
+ will also extract a file containing extension header attributes.
+ This file can be used to expand the file to its original state.
+ However, posix-aware `tar's will usually ignore the unknown
+ variables, which makes restoring the file more difficult. *Note
+ Extraction of sparse members in v.0.0 format: extracting sparse
+ v.0.x, for the detailed description of how to restore such members
+ using non-GNU `tar's.
GNU `tar' 1.15.2 introduced sparse format version `0.1', which
attempted to solve these problems. As its predecessor, this format
The resulting `GNU.sparse.map' string can be _very_ long. Although
POSIX does not impose any limit on the length of a `x' header variable,
-this possibly can confuse some tars.
+this possibly can confuse some `tar's.
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: PAX 1, Prev: PAX 0, Up: Sparse Formats
are map entries, each one consisting of two numbers giving the offset
and size of the data block it describes.
- The format is designed in such a way that non-posix aware tars and
-tars not supporting `GNU.sparse.*' keywords will extract each sparse
+ The format is designed in such a way that non-posix aware `tar's and
+`tar's not supporting `GNU.sparse.*' keywords will extract each sparse
file in its condensed form with the file map prepended and will place it
into a separate directory. Then, using a simple program it would be
possible to expand the file to its original form even without GNU `tar'.
file system at the time of the dump and is used to determine which
files were modified since the last backup.
- GNU `tar' version 1.22 supports three snapshot file formats. The
+ GNU `tar' version 1.23 supports three snapshot file formats. The
first format, called "format 0", is the one used by GNU `tar' versions
up to 1.15.1. The second format, called "format 1" is an extended
version of this format, that contains more metadata and allows for
further extensions. It was used by version 1.15.1. Starting from
-version 1.16 and up to 1.22, the "format 2" is used.
+version 1.16 and up to 1.23, the "format 2" is used.
GNU `tar' is able to read all three formats, but will create
snapshots only in format 2.
this directory with nanosecond precision; NFS, DEV, INODE and NAME
have the same meaning as with `format 0'.
- 2. A snapshot file begins with a format identifier, as described
- for version 1, e.g.:
+ 2. `Format 2' snapshot file begins with a format identifier, as
+ described for version 1, e.g.:
- GNU tar-1.22-2
+ GNU tar-1.23-2
This line is followed by newline. Rest of file consists of
records, separated by null (ASCII 0) characters. Thus, in contrast
mtime-nano Number Modification time, nanoseconds;
dev-no Number Device number;
i-no Number I-node number;
- name String Directory name; In contrast to the
- previous versions it is not quoted.
+ name String Directory name; in contrast to the
+ previous versions it is not quoted;
contents Dumpdir Contents of the directory; *Note
Dumpdir::, for a description of its
format.
mode.
The `Exec Mode' is toggled by `--run' command line option (or its
-alias `-r'). The argument to this option gives the command line to be
-executed. The actual command line is constructed by inserting
-`--checkpoint' option between the command name and its first argument
-(if any). Due to this, the argument to `--run' may not use traditional
-`tar' option syntax, i.e., the following is wrong:
+alias `-r'). The non-optional arguments to `getopt' give the command
+line to be executed. Normally, it should contain at least the
+`--checkpoint' option.
- # Wrong!
- genfile --run 'tar cf foo bar'
-
-Use the following syntax instead:
-
- genfile --run 'tar -cf foo bar'
-
- The rest of command line after `--run' or its equivalent specifies
-checkpoint values and actions to be executed upon reaching them.
-Checkpoint values are introduced with `--checkpoint' command line
-option. Argument to this option is the number of checkpoint in decimal.
+ A set of options is provided for defining checkpoint values and
+actions to be executed upon reaching them. Checkpoint values are
+introduced with the `--checkpoint' command line option. Argument to
+this option is the number of checkpoint in decimal.
Any number of "actions" may be specified after a checkpoint.
Available actions are
`--exec COMMAND'
Execute given shell command.
+`--unlink FILE'
+ Unlink the FILE.
Option `--verbose' instructs `genfile' to print on standard output
notifications about checkpoints being executed and to verbosely
`Genfile' exits with the exit status of the executed command.
+ For compatibility with previous `genfile' versions, the `--run'
+option takes an optional argument. If used this way, its argument
+supplies the command line to be executed. There should be no
+non-optional arguments in the `genfile' command line.
+
+ The actual command line is constructed by inserting the
+`--checkpoint' option between the command name and its first argument
+(if any). Due to this, the argument to `--run' may not use traditional
+`tar' option syntax, i.e., the following is wrong:
+
+ # Wrong!
+ genfile --run='tar cf foo bar'
+
+Use the following syntax instead:
+
+ genfile --run='tar -cf foo bar' ACTIONS...
+
+ The above command line is equivalent to
+
+ genfile ACTIONS... -- tar -cf foo bar
+
+ Notice, that the use of compatibility mode is deprecated.
+
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: Free Software Needs Free Documentation, Next: Copying This Manual, Prev: Genfile, Up: Top
\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
-* absolute-names: absolute. (line 8)
+* absolute-names: absolute. (line 10)
* absolute-names, summary: Option Summary. (line 6)
-* add-file: files. (line 84)
-* after-date: after. (line 26)
+* add-file: files. (line 85)
+* after-date: after. (line 24)
* after-date, summary: Option Summary. (line 12)
* anchored: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 79)
* anchored, summary: Option Summary. (line 15)
-* append: append. (line 8)
+* append <1>: appending files. (line 6)
+* append: append. (line 6)
* append, summary: Operation Summary. (line 6)
-* atime-preserve: Attributes. (line 14)
+* atime-preserve: Attributes. (line 10)
* atime-preserve, summary: Option Summary. (line 19)
-* auto-compress: gzip. (line 76)
+* auto-compress: gzip. (line 78)
* auto-compress, summary: Option Summary. (line 65)
* backup: backup. (line 41)
* backup, summary: Option Summary. (line 71)
* block-number, summary: Option Summary. (line 76)
* blocking-factor: Blocking Factor. (line 8)
* blocking-factor, summary: Option Summary. (line 82)
-* bzip2: gzip. (line 131)
+* bzip2: gzip. (line 134)
* bzip2, summary: Option Summary. (line 87)
* catenate: concatenate. (line 6)
* catenate, summary: Operation Summary. (line 10)
-* check-device, described: Incremental Dumps. (line 99)
+* check-device, described: Incremental Dumps. (line 108)
* check-device, summary: Option Summary. (line 92)
-* check-links, described: hard links. (line 33)
+* check-links, described: hard links. (line 31)
* check-links, summary: Option Summary. (line 143)
* checkpoint: checkpoints. (line 6)
* checkpoint, defined: checkpoints. (line 13)
* checkpoint-action: checkpoints. (line 6)
* checkpoint-action, defined: checkpoints. (line 22)
* checkpoint-action, summary: Option Summary. (line 105)
-* compare: compare. (line 8)
+* compare: compare. (line 6)
* compare, summary: Operation Summary. (line 14)
-* compress: gzip. (line 145)
+* compress: gzip. (line 151)
* compress, summary: Option Summary. (line 152)
* concatenate: concatenate. (line 6)
* concatenate, summary: Operation Summary. (line 20)
* delay-directory-restore: Directory Modification Times and Permissions.
(line 62)
* delay-directory-restore, summary: Option Summary. (line 162)
-* delete: delete. (line 8)
+* delete: delete. (line 6)
* delete, summary: Operation Summary. (line 29)
+* delete, using before -append: append. (line 47)
* dereference: dereference. (line 6)
* dereference, summary: Option Summary. (line 167)
* diff, summary: Operation Summary. (line 33)
* directory: directory. (line 11)
* directory, summary: Option Summary. (line 173)
* directory, using in --files-from argument: files. (line 60)
-* exclude: exclude. (line 11)
+* exclude: exclude. (line 6)
* exclude, potential problems with: problems with exclude.
(line 6)
* exclude, summary: Option Summary. (line 180)
-* exclude-caches: exclude. (line 96)
-* exclude-caches, summary: Option Summary. (line 189)
-* exclude-caches-all: exclude. (line 104)
-* exclude-caches-all, summary: Option Summary. (line 202)
-* exclude-caches-under: exclude. (line 100)
-* exclude-caches-under, summary: Option Summary. (line 196)
-* exclude-from: exclude. (line 22)
-* exclude-from, summary: Option Summary. (line 184)
-* exclude-tag: exclude. (line 113)
-* exclude-tag, summary: Option Summary. (line 206)
-* exclude-tag-all: exclude. (line 121)
-* exclude-tag-all, summary: Option Summary. (line 214)
-* exclude-tag-under: exclude. (line 117)
-* exclude-tag-under, summary: Option Summary. (line 210)
-* exclude-vcs: exclude. (line 39)
-* exclude-vcs, summary: Option Summary. (line 218)
-* extract: extract. (line 8)
-* extract, additional options: extract options. (line 8)
+* exclude-backups: exclude. (line 82)
+* exclude-backups, summary: Option Summary. (line 184)
+* exclude-caches: exclude. (line 105)
+* exclude-caches, summary: Option Summary. (line 192)
+* exclude-caches-all: exclude. (line 113)
+* exclude-caches-all, summary: Option Summary. (line 205)
+* exclude-caches-under: exclude. (line 109)
+* exclude-caches-under, summary: Option Summary. (line 199)
+* exclude-from: exclude. (line 6)
+* exclude-from, summary: Option Summary. (line 187)
+* exclude-tag: exclude. (line 122)
+* exclude-tag, summary: Option Summary. (line 209)
+* exclude-tag-all: exclude. (line 130)
+* exclude-tag-all, summary: Option Summary. (line 219)
+* exclude-tag-under: exclude. (line 126)
+* exclude-tag-under, summary: Option Summary. (line 214)
+* exclude-vcs: exclude. (line 37)
+* exclude-vcs, summary: Option Summary. (line 223)
+* extract: extract. (line 6)
+* extract, additional options: extract options. (line 6)
* extract, complementary notes: Basic tar. (line 48)
* extract, summary: Operation Summary. (line 37)
* extract, using with --listed-incremental: Incremental Dumps.
- (line 112)
-* file, short description: file. (line 17)
-* file, summary: Option Summary. (line 224)
+ (line 121)
+* file: file. (line 6)
+* file, short description: file. (line 15)
+* file, summary: Option Summary. (line 229)
* file, tutorial: file tutorial. (line 6)
* files-from: files. (line 14)
-* files-from, summary: Option Summary. (line 230)
+* files-from, summary: Option Summary. (line 235)
* force-local, short description: Device. (line 70)
-* force-local, summary: Option Summary. (line 236)
-* format, summary: Option Summary. (line 241)
+* force-local, summary: Option Summary. (line 241)
+* format, summary: Option Summary. (line 246)
* get, summary: Operation Summary. (line 42)
-* group: override. (line 73)
-* group, summary: Option Summary. (line 266)
-* gunzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 274)
-* gzip: gzip. (line 97)
-* gzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 274)
-* hard-dereference, described: hard links. (line 61)
-* hard-dereference, summary: Option Summary. (line 282)
+* group: override. (line 75)
+* group, summary: Option Summary. (line 271)
+* gunzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 279)
+* gzip: gzip. (line 100)
+* gzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 279)
+* hard-dereference, described: hard links. (line 59)
+* hard-dereference, summary: Option Summary. (line 287)
* help: help tutorial. (line 6)
-* help, introduction: help. (line 26)
-* help, summary: Option Summary. (line 288)
+* help, introduction: help. (line 27)
+* help, summary: Option Summary. (line 293)
* ignore-case: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 86)
-* ignore-case, summary: Option Summary. (line 293)
+* ignore-case, summary: Option Summary. (line 298)
* ignore-command-error: Writing to an External Program.
- (line 82)
-* ignore-command-error, summary: Option Summary. (line 297)
+ (line 98)
+* ignore-command-error, summary: Option Summary. (line 302)
* ignore-failed-read: Ignore Failed Read. (line 7)
-* ignore-failed-read, summary: Option Summary. (line 301)
+* ignore-failed-read, summary: Option Summary. (line 306)
* ignore-zeros: Ignore Zeros. (line 6)
* ignore-zeros, short description: Blocking Factor. (line 156)
-* ignore-zeros, summary: Option Summary. (line 305)
-* incremental, summary: Option Summary. (line 310)
-* incremental, using with --list: Incremental Dumps. (line 177)
-* index-file, summary: Option Summary. (line 317)
+* ignore-zeros, summary: Option Summary. (line 310)
+* incremental, summary: Option Summary. (line 315)
+* incremental, using with --list: Incremental Dumps. (line 157)
+* index-file, summary: Option Summary. (line 322)
* info-script: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 80)
* info-script, short description: Device. (line 104)
-* info-script, summary: Option Summary. (line 320)
+* info-script, summary: Option Summary. (line 325)
* interactive: interactive. (line 14)
-* interactive, summary: Option Summary. (line 328)
+* interactive, summary: Option Summary. (line 333)
* keep-newer-files: Keep Newer Files. (line 6)
-* keep-newer-files, summary: Option Summary. (line 335)
+* keep-newer-files, summary: Option Summary. (line 340)
* keep-old-files: Keep Old Files. (line 6)
* keep-old-files, introduced: Dealing with Old Files.
(line 16)
-* keep-old-files, summary: Option Summary. (line 339)
-* label: label. (line 8)
-* label, summary: Option Summary. (line 344)
+* keep-old-files, summary: Option Summary. (line 344)
+* label <1>: label. (line 8)
+* label: Tape Files. (line 6)
+* label, summary: Option Summary. (line 349)
+* level, described: Incremental Dumps. (line 76)
+* level, summary: Option Summary. (line 356)
* list: list. (line 6)
* list, summary: Operation Summary. (line 46)
-* list, using with --incremental: Incremental Dumps. (line 177)
-* list, using with --listed-incremental: Incremental Dumps. (line 177)
+* list, using with --incremental: Incremental Dumps. (line 159)
+* list, using with --listed-incremental: Incremental Dumps. (line 160)
* list, using with --verbose: list. (line 30)
* list, using with file name arguments: list. (line 68)
-* listed-incremental: Incremental Dumps. (line 14)
-* listed-incremental, summary: Option Summary. (line 351)
+* listed-incremental, described: Incremental Dumps. (line 14)
+* listed-incremental, summary: Option Summary. (line 366)
* listed-incremental, using with --extract: Incremental Dumps.
- (line 112)
-* listed-incremental, using with --list: Incremental Dumps. (line 177)
-* lzma: gzip. (line 139)
-* lzma, summary: Option Summary. (line 359)
-* lzop: gzip. (line 142)
+ (line 121)
+* listed-incremental, using with --list: Incremental Dumps. (line 158)
+* lzip: gzip. (line 142)
+* lzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 374)
+* lzma: gzip. (line 145)
+* lzma, summary: Option Summary. (line 378)
+* lzop: gzip. (line 148)
* mode: override. (line 14)
-* mode, summary: Option Summary. (line 367)
+* mode, summary: Option Summary. (line 386)
* mtime: override. (line 29)
-* mtime, summary: Option Summary. (line 373)
+* mtime, summary: Option Summary. (line 392)
* multi-volume: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 6)
* multi-volume, short description: Device. (line 88)
-* multi-volume, summary: Option Summary. (line 382)
+* multi-volume, summary: Option Summary. (line 401)
* new-volume-script: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 80)
* new-volume-script, short description: Device. (line 104)
-* new-volume-script, summary: Option Summary. (line 320)
-* newer: after. (line 26)
-* newer, summary: Option Summary. (line 390)
-* newer-mtime: after. (line 37)
-* newer-mtime, summary: Option Summary. (line 398)
+* new-volume-script, summary: Option Summary. (line 325)
+* newer: after. (line 24)
+* newer, summary: Option Summary. (line 409)
+* newer-mtime: after. (line 35)
+* newer-mtime, summary: Option Summary. (line 417)
* no-anchored: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 79)
-* no-anchored, summary: Option Summary. (line 403)
-* no-auto-compress, summary: Option Summary. (line 407)
-* no-check-device, described: Incremental Dumps. (line 95)
-* no-check-device, summary: Option Summary. (line 411)
+* no-anchored, summary: Option Summary. (line 422)
+* no-auto-compress, summary: Option Summary. (line 426)
+* no-check-device, described: Incremental Dumps. (line 104)
+* no-check-device, summary: Option Summary. (line 430)
* no-delay-directory-restore: Directory Modification Times and Permissions.
(line 68)
-* no-delay-directory-restore, summary: Option Summary. (line 416)
+* no-delay-directory-restore, summary: Option Summary. (line 435)
* no-ignore-case: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 86)
-* no-ignore-case, summary: Option Summary. (line 422)
+* no-ignore-case, summary: Option Summary. (line 441)
* no-ignore-command-error: Writing to an External Program.
- (line 87)
-* no-ignore-command-error, summary: Option Summary. (line 425)
+ (line 103)
+* no-ignore-command-error, summary: Option Summary. (line 444)
* no-null, described: nul. (line 15)
-* no-null, summary: Option Summary. (line 429)
-* no-overwrite-dir, summary: Option Summary. (line 434)
-* no-quote-chars, summary: Option Summary. (line 438)
-* no-recursion: recurse. (line 13)
-* no-recursion, summary: Option Summary. (line 443)
-* no-same-owner: Attributes. (line 67)
-* no-same-owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 447)
-* no-same-permissions, summary: Option Summary. (line 453)
+* no-null, summary: Option Summary. (line 448)
+* no-overwrite-dir, summary: Option Summary. (line 453)
+* no-quote-chars, summary: Option Summary. (line 457)
+* no-recursion: recurse. (line 11)
+* no-recursion, summary: Option Summary. (line 462)
+* no-same-owner: Attributes. (line 63)
+* no-same-owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 466)
+* no-same-permissions, summary: Option Summary. (line 472)
+* no-seek, summary: Option Summary. (line 477)
* no-unquote: Selecting Archive Members.
(line 42)
-* no-unquote, summary: Option Summary. (line 458)
+* no-unquote, summary: Option Summary. (line 482)
* no-wildcards: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 41)
-* no-wildcards, summary: Option Summary. (line 462)
+* no-wildcards, summary: Option Summary. (line 486)
* no-wildcards-match-slash: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 92)
-* no-wildcards-match-slash, summary: Option Summary. (line 465)
+* no-wildcards-match-slash, summary: Option Summary. (line 489)
* null, described: nul. (line 11)
-* null, summary: Option Summary. (line 468)
-* numeric-owner: Attributes. (line 73)
-* numeric-owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 474)
-* occurrence, summary: Option Summary. (line 491)
-* old-archive, summary: Option Summary. (line 505)
-* one-file-system: one. (line 16)
-* one-file-system, summary: Option Summary. (line 508)
+* null, summary: Option Summary. (line 492)
+* numeric-owner: Attributes. (line 69)
+* numeric-owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 498)
+* occurrence, described: append. (line 34)
+* occurrence, summary: Option Summary. (line 515)
+* old-archive, summary: Option Summary. (line 529)
+* one-file-system: one. (line 14)
+* one-file-system, summary: Option Summary. (line 532)
* overwrite: Overwrite Old Files. (line 6)
* overwrite, introduced: Dealing with Old Files.
(line 22)
-* overwrite, summary: Option Summary. (line 513)
+* overwrite, summary: Option Summary. (line 537)
* overwrite-dir: Overwrite Old Files. (line 28)
* overwrite-dir, introduced: Dealing with Old Files.
(line 6)
-* overwrite-dir, summary: Option Summary. (line 517)
+* overwrite-dir, summary: Option Summary. (line 541)
* owner: override. (line 57)
-* owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 521)
+* owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 545)
* pax-option: PAX keywords. (line 6)
-* pax-option, summary: Option Summary. (line 530)
-* portability, summary: Option Summary. (line 536)
-* posix, summary: Option Summary. (line 540)
-* preserve: Attributes. (line 126)
-* preserve, summary: Option Summary. (line 543)
+* pax-option, summary: Option Summary. (line 554)
+* portability, summary: Option Summary. (line 560)
+* posix, summary: Option Summary. (line 564)
+* preserve: Attributes. (line 122)
+* preserve, summary: Option Summary. (line 567)
* preserve-order: Same Order. (line 6)
-* preserve-order, summary: Option Summary. (line 547)
+* preserve-order, summary: Option Summary. (line 571)
* preserve-permissions: Setting Access Permissions.
(line 10)
-* preserve-permissions, short description: Attributes. (line 113)
-* preserve-permissions, summary: Option Summary. (line 550)
-* quote-chars, summary: Option Summary. (line 560)
+* preserve-permissions, short description: Attributes. (line 109)
+* preserve-permissions, summary: Option Summary. (line 574)
+* quote-chars, summary: Option Summary. (line 584)
* quoting-style: quoting styles. (line 38)
-* quoting-style, summary: Option Summary. (line 564)
+* quoting-style, summary: Option Summary. (line 588)
* read-full-records <1>: read full records. (line 6)
-* read-full-records: Reading. (line 8)
+* read-full-records: Reading. (line 6)
* read-full-records, short description: Blocking Factor. (line 172)
-* read-full-records, summary: Option Summary. (line 571)
-* record-size, summary: Option Summary. (line 576)
-* recursion: recurse. (line 24)
-* recursion, summary: Option Summary. (line 580)
+* read-full-records, summary: Option Summary. (line 595)
+* record-size, summary: Option Summary. (line 600)
+* recursion: recurse. (line 22)
+* recursion, summary: Option Summary. (line 604)
* recursive-unlink: Recursive Unlink. (line 6)
-* recursive-unlink, summary: Option Summary. (line 584)
+* recursive-unlink, summary: Option Summary. (line 608)
* remove-files: remove files. (line 6)
-* remove-files, summary: Option Summary. (line 589)
-* restrict, summary: Option Summary. (line 593)
-* rmt-command, summary: Option Summary. (line 598)
+* remove-files, summary: Option Summary. (line 613)
+* restrict, summary: Option Summary. (line 617)
+* rmt-command, summary: Option Summary. (line 622)
* rsh-command: Device. (line 73)
-* rsh-command, summary: Option Summary. (line 602)
+* rsh-command, summary: Option Summary. (line 626)
* same-order: Same Order. (line 6)
-* same-order, summary: Option Summary. (line 606)
-* same-owner: Attributes. (line 48)
-* same-owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 614)
+* same-order, summary: Option Summary. (line 630)
+* same-owner: Attributes. (line 44)
+* same-owner, summary: Option Summary. (line 638)
* same-permissions: Setting Access Permissions.
(line 10)
-* same-permissions, short description: Attributes. (line 113)
-* same-permissions, summary: Option Summary. (line 550)
-* seek, summary: Option Summary. (line 623)
+* same-permissions, short description: Attributes. (line 109)
+* same-permissions, summary: Option Summary. (line 574)
+* seek, summary: Option Summary. (line 647)
* show-defaults: defaults. (line 6)
-* show-defaults, summary: Option Summary. (line 630)
+* show-defaults, summary: Option Summary. (line 656)
* show-omitted-dirs: verbose. (line 107)
-* show-omitted-dirs, summary: Option Summary. (line 639)
+* show-omitted-dirs, summary: Option Summary. (line 668)
* show-stored-names: list. (line 60)
-* show-stored-names, summary: Option Summary. (line 643)
+* show-stored-names, summary: Option Summary. (line 672)
* show-transformed-names: transform. (line 45)
-* show-transformed-names, summary: Option Summary. (line 643)
+* show-transformed-names, summary: Option Summary. (line 672)
* sparse: sparse. (line 22)
-* sparse, summary: Option Summary. (line 651)
+* sparse, summary: Option Summary. (line 680)
* sparse-version: sparse. (line 57)
-* sparse-version, summary: Option Summary. (line 656)
+* sparse-version, summary: Option Summary. (line 685)
* starting-file: Starting File. (line 6)
-* starting-file, summary: Option Summary. (line 661)
+* starting-file, summary: Option Summary. (line 690)
* strip-components: transform. (line 25)
-* strip-components, summary: Option Summary. (line 667)
+* strip-components, summary: Option Summary. (line 696)
* suffix: backup. (line 68)
-* suffix, summary: Option Summary. (line 676)
+* suffix, summary: Option Summary. (line 705)
* tape-length: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 33)
* tape-length, short description: Device. (line 96)
-* tape-length, summary: Option Summary. (line 682)
+* tape-length, summary: Option Summary. (line 709)
* test-label: label. (line 37)
-* test-label, summary: Option Summary. (line 687)
+* test-label, summary: Option Summary. (line 714)
* to-command: Writing to an External Program.
(line 9)
-* to-command, summary: Option Summary. (line 691)
+* to-command, summary: Option Summary. (line 718)
* to-stdout: Writing to Standard Output.
(line 14)
-* to-stdout, summary: Option Summary. (line 695)
+* to-stdout, summary: Option Summary. (line 722)
* totals: verbose. (line 46)
-* totals, summary: Option Summary. (line 700)
-* touch <1>: Attributes. (line 37)
+* totals, summary: Option Summary. (line 727)
+* touch <1>: Attributes. (line 33)
* touch: Data Modification Times.
(line 15)
-* touch, summary: Option Summary. (line 705)
+* touch, summary: Option Summary. (line 732)
* transform: transform. (line 74)
-* transform, summary: Option Summary. (line 711)
-* uncompress: gzip. (line 145)
+* transform, summary: Option Summary. (line 738)
+* uncompress: gzip. (line 151)
* uncompress, summary: Option Summary. (line 152)
-* ungzip: gzip. (line 97)
-* ungzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 274)
+* ungzip: gzip. (line 100)
+* ungzip, summary: Option Summary. (line 279)
* unlink-first: Unlink First. (line 6)
* unlink-first, introduced: Dealing with Old Files.
(line 42)
-* unlink-first, summary: Option Summary. (line 731)
+* unlink-first, summary: Option Summary. (line 758)
* unquote: Selecting Archive Members.
(line 39)
-* unquote, summary: Option Summary. (line 737)
-* update: update. (line 8)
+* unquote, summary: Option Summary. (line 764)
+* update <1>: how to update. (line 6)
+* update: update. (line 6)
* update, summary: Operation Summary. (line 50)
-* usage: help. (line 53)
-* use-compress-program: gzip. (line 150)
-* use-compress-program, summary: Option Summary. (line 741)
-* utc, summary: Option Summary. (line 746)
+* usage: help. (line 54)
+* use-compress-program: gzip. (line 156)
+* use-compress-program, summary: Option Summary. (line 768)
+* utc, summary: Option Summary. (line 773)
* verbose: verbose. (line 18)
* verbose, introduced: verbose tutorial. (line 6)
-* verbose, summary: Option Summary. (line 750)
+* verbose, summary: Option Summary. (line 777)
* verbose, using with --create: create verbose. (line 6)
* verbose, using with --list: list. (line 30)
* verify, short description: verify. (line 8)
-* verify, summary: Option Summary. (line 757)
+* verify, summary: Option Summary. (line 784)
* verify, using with --create: verify. (line 24)
* version: help. (line 6)
-* version, summary: Option Summary. (line 762)
+* version, summary: Option Summary. (line 789)
* volno-file: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 71)
-* volno-file, summary: Option Summary. (line 767)
+* volno-file, summary: Option Summary. (line 794)
+* warning, explained: warnings. (line 12)
+* warning, summary: Option Summary. (line 799)
* wildcards: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 38)
-* wildcards, summary: Option Summary. (line 772)
+* wildcards, summary: Option Summary. (line 804)
* wildcards-match-slash: controlling pattern-matching.
(line 92)
-* wildcards-match-slash, summary: Option Summary. (line 776)
+* wildcards-match-slash, summary: Option Summary. (line 808)
* xform: transform. (line 74)
-* xform, summary: Option Summary. (line 711)
-* xz, summary: Option Summary. (line 779)
+* xform, summary: Option Summary. (line 738)
+* xz, summary: Option Summary. (line 811)
\1f
File: tar.info, Node: Index, Prev: Index of Command Line Options, Up: Top
\0\b[index\0\b]
* Menu:
+* %s: Directory has been renamed from %s, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 94)
+* %s: Directory has been renamed, warning message: warnings. (line 94)
+* %s: Directory is new, warning message: warnings. (line 96)
+* %s: directory is on a different device: not purging, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 99)
+* -after-date and -update compared: after. (line 19)
+* -newer-mtime and -update compared: after. (line 19)
+* A lone zero block at, warning message: warnings. (line 35)
* abbreviations for months: Calendar date items. (line 38)
-* absolute file names: Remote Tape Server. (line 17)
+* absolute file names <1>: Remote Tape Server. (line 17)
+* absolute file names: absolute. (line 6)
* Adding archives to an archive: concatenate. (line 6)
-* Adding files to an Archive: appending files. (line 8)
+* Adding files to an Archive: appending files. (line 6)
* ADMINISTRATOR: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 7)
-* Age, excluding files by: after. (line 8)
+* Age, excluding files by: after. (line 6)
* ago in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 23)
+* all: warnings. (line 28)
+* alone-zero-block: warnings. (line 35)
* am in date strings: Time of day items. (line 22)
-* Appending files to an Archive: appending files. (line 8)
-* Arch, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* Appending files to an Archive: appending files. (line 6)
+* appending files to existing archive: append. (line 6)
+* Arch, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* archive: Definitions. (line 6)
-* Archive creation: file. (line 36)
+* Archive creation: file. (line 34)
* archive member: Definitions. (line 15)
-* Archive Name: file. (line 8)
+* Archive Name: file. (line 6)
* Archive, creation of: create. (line 8)
-* Archives, Appending files to: appending files. (line 8)
+* Archives, Appending files to: appending files. (line 6)
+* archives, binary equivalent: PAX keywords. (line 132)
* Archiving Directories: create dir. (line 6)
* archiving files: Top. (line 24)
* ARGP_HELP_FMT, environment variable: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 21)
+* arguments to long options: Long Options. (line 31)
+* arguments to old options: Old Options. (line 17)
+* arguments to short options: Short Options. (line 13)
+* atrributes, files: Attributes. (line 6)
+* Attempting extraction of symbolic links as hard links, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 77)
* authors of get_date: Authors of get_date. (line 6)
-* Avoiding recursion in directories: recurse. (line 8)
+* Avoiding recursion in directories: recurse. (line 6)
* backup options: backup. (line 6)
* backup suffix: backup. (line 68)
* BACKUP_DIRS: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 55)
* BACKUP_HOUR: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 11)
+* backups <1>: Backups. (line 6)
* backups: backup. (line 41)
-* Bazaar, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* bad-dumpdir: warnings. (line 102)
+* basic operations: Operations. (line 6)
+* Bazaar, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* beginning of time, for POSIX: Seconds since the Epoch.
(line 13)
* bell, checkpoint action: checkpoints. (line 65)
* Bellovin, Steven M.: Authors of get_date. (line 6)
* Berets, Jim: Authors of get_date. (line 6)
* Berry, K.: Authors of get_date. (line 14)
+* binary equivalent archives, creating: PAX keywords. (line 132)
+* block: Blocking. (line 6)
* Block number where error occurred: verbose. (line 115)
* BLOCKING: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 25)
* bug reports: Reports. (line 6)
* Bytes per record: Blocking Factor. (line 6)
* bzip2: gzip. (line 6)
+* cachedir: warnings. (line 43)
* calendar date item: Calendar date items. (line 6)
* case, ignored in dates: General date syntax. (line 64)
* cat vs concatenate: concatenate. (line 63)
* Changing directory mid-stream: directory. (line 6)
* Character class, excluding characters from: wildcards. (line 34)
* checkpoints, defined: checkpoints. (line 6)
-* Choosing an archive file: file. (line 8)
+* Choosing an archive file: file. (line 6)
* comments, in dates: General date syntax. (line 64)
* compress: gzip. (line 6)
* Compressed archives: gzip. (line 6)
* concatenate vs cat: concatenate. (line 63)
* Concatenating Archives: concatenate. (line 6)
-* corrupted archives <1>: gzip. (line 116)
+* contains a cache directory tag, warning message: warnings. (line 43)
+* contiguous-cast: warnings. (line 74)
+* corrupted archives <1>: gzip. (line 119)
* corrupted archives: Full Dumps. (line 8)
* Creation of the archive: create. (line 8)
-* CVS, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
-* Darcs, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* Current %s is newer or same age, warning message: warnings. (line 83)
+* CVS, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
+* Darcs, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* DAT blocking: Blocking Factor. (line 204)
-* Data Modification time, excluding files by: after. (line 8)
+* Data Modification time, excluding files by: after. (line 6)
* Data modification times of extracted files: Data Modification Times.
(line 6)
* date format, ISO 8601: Calendar date items. (line 30)
* day in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 15)
* day of week item: Day of week items. (line 6)
-* Deleting files from an archive: delete. (line 8)
-* Deleting from tape archives: delete. (line 19)
-* dereferencing hard links: hard links. (line 8)
-* Descending directories, avoiding: recurse. (line 8)
+* Deleting files from an archive: delete. (line 6)
+* Deleting from tape archives: delete. (line 17)
+* dereferencing hard links: hard links. (line 6)
+* Descending directories, avoiding: recurse. (line 6)
* Device numbers, changing: Fixing Snapshot Files.
(line 6)
* Device numbers, using in incremental backups: Incremental Dumps.
- (line 81)
+ (line 90)
* Directories, Archiving: create dir. (line 6)
-* Directories, avoiding recursion: recurse. (line 8)
+* Directories, avoiding recursion: recurse. (line 6)
* Directory, changing mid-stream: directory. (line 6)
* DIRLIST: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 51)
(line 6)
* doc-opt-col: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 94)
+* door ignored, warning message: warnings. (line 50)
* dot, checkpoint action: checkpoints. (line 80)
* Double-checking a write operation: verify. (line 6)
* DUMP_BEGIN: User Hooks. (line 32)
(line 13)
* Error message, block number of: verbose. (line 125)
* Exabyte blocking: Blocking Factor. (line 204)
-* exclude: exclude. (line 14)
-* exclude-caches: exclude. (line 84)
-* exclude-from: exclude. (line 27)
-* exclude-tag: exclude. (line 107)
+* exclude: exclude. (line 12)
+* exclude-caches: exclude. (line 93)
+* exclude-from: exclude. (line 25)
+* exclude-tag: exclude. (line 116)
* Excluding characters from a character class: wildcards. (line 34)
-* Excluding file by age: after. (line 8)
-* Excluding files by file system: exclude. (line 8)
-* Excluding files by name and pattern: exclude. (line 8)
+* Excluding file by age: after. (line 6)
+* Excluding files by file system: exclude. (line 6)
+* Excluding files by name and pattern: exclude. (line 6)
* Exec Mode, genfile: Exec Mode. (line 6)
* exec, checkpoint action: checkpoints. (line 96)
* existing backup method: backup. (line 59)
* exit status: Synopsis. (line 67)
-* Extraction: extract. (line 8)
+* Extracting contiguous files as regular files, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 74)
+* extracting Nth copy of the file: append. (line 34)
+* Extraction: extract. (line 6)
* extraction: Definitions. (line 22)
* FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License.
(line 6)
* file archival: Top. (line 24)
+* file attributes: Attributes. (line 6)
+* file changed as we read it, warning message: warnings. (line 64)
+* file is on a different filesystem, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 47)
+* file is the archive; not dumped, warning message: warnings. (line 58)
+* file is unchanged; not dumped, warning message: warnings. (line 55)
* File lists separated by NUL characters: Generate Mode. (line 33)
* file name: Definitions. (line 15)
* File Name arguments, alternatives: files. (line 6)
* File name arguments, using --list with: list. (line 68)
-* File names, excluding files by: exclude. (line 8)
+* file name read contains nul character, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 32)
+* file names, absolute: absolute. (line 6)
+* File names, excluding files by: exclude. (line 6)
* File names, terminated by NUL: nul. (line 6)
-* File names, using hard links: hard links. (line 8)
+* File names, using hard links: hard links. (line 6)
* File names, using symbolic links: dereference. (line 6)
+* File removed before we read it, warning message: warnings. (line 61)
+* File shrank by %s bytes, warning message: warnings. (line 44)
* File system boundaries, not crossing: one. (line 6)
+* file-changed: warnings. (line 64)
+* file-ignored: warnings. (line 50)
+* file-removed: warnings. (line 61)
+* file-shrank: warnings. (line 44)
+* file-unchanged: warnings. (line 55)
* FILELIST: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 65)
+* filename-with-nuls: warnings. (line 32)
+* find, using with tar <1>: recurse. (line 11)
+* find, using with tar: files. (line 6)
* first in date strings: General date syntax. (line 26)
* format 0, snapshot file: Snapshot Files. (line 23)
* format 1, snapshot file: Snapshot Files. (line 47)
* genfile, seeking to a given offset: Generate Mode. (line 18)
* get_date: Date input formats. (line 6)
* Getting program version number: help. (line 6)
-* git, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* git, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* GNU archive format: gnu. (line 6)
* GNU.sparse.major, extended header variable: PAX 1. (line 14)
* GNU.sparse.map, extended header variable: PAX 0. (line 60)
* GNU.sparse.offset, extended header variable: PAX 0. (line 18)
* GNU.sparse.realsize, extended header variable: PAX 1. (line 24)
* GNU.sparse.size, extended header variable: PAX 0. (line 11)
-* gnupg, using with tar: gzip. (line 163)
-* gpg, using with tar: gzip. (line 163)
+* gnupg, using with tar: gzip. (line 171)
+* gpg, using with tar: gzip. (line 171)
* gzip: gzip. (line 6)
-* hard links, dereferencing: hard links. (line 8)
+* hard links, dereferencing: hard links. (line 6)
* header-col: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 140)
* hook: User Hooks. (line 13)
* hour in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 15)
+* ignore-archive: warnings. (line 58)
+* ignore-newer: warnings. (line 83)
* Ignoring end-of-archive blocks: Ignore Zeros. (line 6)
+* Ignoring unknown extended header keyword `%s', warning message: warnings.
+ (line 86)
+* implausibly old time stamp %s, warning message: warnings. (line 72)
* Info script: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 80)
* Interactive operation: interactive. (line 6)
* ISO 8601 date format: Calendar date items. (line 30)
* items in date strings: General date syntax. (line 6)
* Labeling an archive: label. (line 6)
+* labeling archives: Tape Files. (line 6)
* Labeling multi-volume archives: label. (line 6)
* Labels on the archive media: label. (line 6)
* language, in dates: General date syntax. (line 40)
(line 6)
* last DAY: Day of week items. (line 15)
* last in date strings: General date syntax. (line 26)
-* Listing all tar options: help. (line 26)
+* Listing all tar options: help. (line 27)
* listing member and file names: list. (line 41)
* Listing volume label: label. (line 29)
* Lists of file names: files. (line 6)
-* Local and remote archives: file. (line 73)
+* Local and remote archives: file. (line 71)
+* long options: Long Options. (line 6)
+* long options with mandatory arguments: Long Options. (line 31)
+* long options with optional arguments: Long Options. (line 40)
* long-opt-col: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 86)
+* lzip: gzip. (line 6)
* lzma: gzip. (line 6)
* lzop: gzip. (line 6)
* MacKenzie, David: Authors of get_date. (line 6)
+* Malformed dumpdir: 'X' never used, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 102)
* member: Definitions. (line 15)
* member name: Definitions. (line 15)
-* Members, replacing with other members: append. (line 49)
-* Mercurial, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* members, multiple: multiple. (line 6)
+* Members, replacing with other members: append. (line 47)
+* Mercurial, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* Meyering, Jim: Authors of get_date. (line 6)
* Middle of the archive, starting in the: Starting File. (line 11)
* midnight in date strings: Time of day items. (line 22)
* minutes, time zone correction by: Time of day items. (line 30)
* Modes of extracted files: Setting Access Permissions.
(line 6)
-* Modification time, excluding files by: after. (line 8)
+* Modification time, excluding files by: after. (line 6)
* Modification times of extracted files: Data Modification Times.
(line 6)
* month in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 42)
* Multi-volume archives: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 6)
+* multiple members: multiple. (line 6)
* Mutli-volume archives in PAX format, extracting using non-GNU tars: Split Recovery.
(line 17)
* Mutli-volume archives, extracting using non-GNU tars: Split Recovery.
(line 6)
-* Naming an archive: file. (line 8)
+* Naming an archive: file. (line 6)
* negative time stamps: Large or Negative Values.
(line 6)
+* new-directory: warnings. (line 96)
* next DAY: Day of week items. (line 15)
* next in date strings: General date syntax. (line 26)
+* none: warnings. (line 29)
* noon in date strings: Time of day items. (line 22)
* now in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 33)
* ntape device: Many. (line 6)
-* NUL terminated file names: nul. (line 6)
+* NUL-terminated file names: nul. (line 6)
* Number of blocks per record: Blocking Factor. (line 6)
* Number of bytes per record: Blocking Factor. (line 6)
* numbered backup method: backup. (line 55)
* numbers, written-out: General date syntax. (line 26)
-* Obtaining help: help. (line 26)
+* Obtaining help: help. (line 27)
* Obtaining total status information: verbose. (line 46)
* Old GNU archive format: gnu. (line 6)
* Old GNU sparse format: Old GNU Format. (line 6)
+* old option style: Old Options. (line 6)
+* old options with mandatory arguments: Old Options. (line 17)
* Old style archives: old. (line 6)
* Old style format: old. (line 6)
* opt-doc-col: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 126)
-* option syntax, traditional: Old Options. (line 60)
+* option syntax, traditional: Old Options. (line 58)
+* optional arguments to long options: Long Options. (line 40)
+* optional arguments to short options: Short Options. (line 22)
+* options for use with --extract: extract options. (line 6)
* Options when reading archives: Reading. (line 6)
* Options, archive format specifying: Format Variations. (line 6)
* Options, format specifying: Format Variations. (line 6)
+* options, GNU style: Long Options. (line 6)
+* options, long style: Long Options. (line 6)
+* options, mixing different styles: Mixing. (line 6)
+* options, mnemonic names: Long Options. (line 6)
+* options, old style: Old Options. (line 6)
+* options, short style: Short Options. (line 6)
+* options, traditional: Short Options. (line 6)
* ordinal numbers: General date syntax. (line 26)
* Overwriting old files, prevention: Dealing with Old Files.
(line 16)
(line 26)
* pure numbers in date strings: Pure numbers in date strings.
(line 6)
-* RCS, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* RCS, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* Reading file names from a file: files. (line 6)
-* Reading incomplete records: Reading. (line 8)
+* Reading incomplete records: Reading. (line 6)
+* record: Blocking. (line 6)
* Record Size: Blocking Factor. (line 6)
-* Records, incomplete: Reading. (line 8)
-* Recursion in directories, avoiding: recurse. (line 8)
+* Records, incomplete: Reading. (line 6)
+* Recursion in directories, avoiding: recurse. (line 6)
* relative items in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 6)
-* Remote devices: file. (line 62)
+* Remote devices: file. (line 60)
* remote tape drive: Remote Tape Server. (line 6)
-* Removing files from an archive: delete. (line 8)
-* Replacing members with other members: append. (line 49)
+* Removing files from an archive: delete. (line 6)
+* rename-directory: warnings. (line 94)
+* Replacing members with other members: append. (line 47)
* reporting bugs: Reports. (line 6)
* RESTORE_BEGIN: User Hooks. (line 39)
* RESTORE_END: User Hooks. (line 42)
-* Resurrecting files from an archive: extract. (line 8)
-* Retrieving files from an archive: extract. (line 8)
+* Resurrecting files from an archive: extract. (line 6)
+* Retrieving files from an archive: extract. (line 6)
* return status: Synopsis. (line 67)
* rmargin: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 158)
(line 77)
* Running out of space: Scarce. (line 8)
* Salz, Rich: Authors of get_date. (line 6)
-* SCCS, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* SCCS, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
+* short options: Short Options. (line 6)
+* short options with mandatory arguments: Short Options. (line 13)
+* short options with optional arguments: Short Options. (line 22)
* short-opt-col: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 78)
* simple backup method: backup. (line 64)
(line 6)
* snapshot files, fixing device numbers: Fixing Snapshot Files.
(line 6)
+* socket ignored, warning message: warnings. (line 50)
* Sparse Files: sparse. (line 6)
* sparse files v.0.0, extracting with non-GNU tars: Sparse Recovery.
(line 92)
(line 6)
* Specifying files to act on: Selecting Archive Members.
(line 6)
-* Standard input and output: file. (line 41)
+* Standard input and output: file. (line 39)
* Standard output, writing extracted files to: Writing to Standard Output.
(line 6)
* Storing archives in compressed format: gzip. (line 6)
-* SVN, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* SVN, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* Symbolic link as file name: dereference. (line 6)
+* symlink-cast: warnings. (line 77)
* TAPE: file tutorial. (line 14)
* tape blocking: Blocking Factor. (line 194)
* tape marks: Many. (line 44)
* tape positioning: Many. (line 26)
* TAPE_FILE: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 19)
-* Tapes, using --delete and: delete. (line 19)
+* Tapes, using --delete and: delete. (line 17)
* TAR: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 115)
* tar: What tar Does. (line 6)
* Tar archive formats: Formats. (line 6)
* tar entry: Naming tar Archives. (line 11)
* tar file: Naming tar Archives. (line 11)
-* tar to a remote device: file. (line 62)
-* tar to standard input and output: file. (line 41)
+* tar to a remote device: file. (line 60)
+* tar to standard input and output: file. (line 39)
* tar-snapshot-edit: Fixing Snapshot Files.
(line 15)
* TAR_ARCHIVE, checkpoint script environment: checkpoints. (line 108)
* TAR_ARCHIVE, info script environment variable: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 100)
+* TAR_ARCHIVE, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
+ (line 76)
* TAR_ATIME, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
(line 49)
* TAR_BLOCKING_FACTOR, checkpoint script environment: checkpoints.
(line 111)
* TAR_BLOCKING_FACTOR, info script environment variable: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 103)
+* TAR_BLOCKING_FACTOR, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
+ (line 79)
* TAR_CHECKPOINT, checkpoint script environment: checkpoints. (line 114)
* TAR_CTIME, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
(line 58)
* TAR_FORMAT, checkpoint script environment: checkpoints. (line 121)
* TAR_FORMAT, info script environment variable: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 113)
+* TAR_FORMAT, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
+ (line 85)
* TAR_GID, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
(line 67)
* TAR_GNAME, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
* TAR_VERSION, checkpoint script environment: checkpoints. (line 105)
* TAR_VERSION, info script environment variable: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 97)
+* TAR_VERSION, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
+ (line 73)
* TAR_VOLUME, info script environment variable: Multi-Volume Archives.
(line 106)
+* TAR_VOLUME, to-command environment: Writing to an External Program.
+ (line 82)
* tarcat: Tarcat. (line 6)
* this in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 33)
* time of day item: Time of day items. (line 6)
+* time stamp %s is %s s in the future, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 72)
* time zone correction: Time of day items. (line 30)
* time zone item <1>: Time zone items. (line 6)
* time zone item: General date syntax. (line 44)
+* timestamp: warnings. (line 72)
* today in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 33)
* tomorrow in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
* TZ: Specifying time zone rules.
(line 6)
* Ultrix 3.1 and write failure: Remote Tape Server. (line 40)
+* Unknown file type `%c', extracted as normal file, warning message: warnings.
+ (line 80)
+* Unknown file type; file ignored, warning message: warnings. (line 50)
+* unknown-cast: warnings. (line 80)
+* unknown-keyword: warnings. (line 86)
* unpacking: Definitions. (line 22)
-* Updating an archive: update. (line 8)
+* Updating an archive: update. (line 6)
* usage-indent: Configuring Help Summary.
(line 154)
-* Using encrypted archives: gzip. (line 163)
+* Using encrypted archives: gzip. (line 171)
* ustar archive format: ustar. (line 6)
* uuencode: Applications. (line 8)
* v7 archive format: old. (line 6)
-* VCS, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* VCS, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* Verbose operation: verbose. (line 18)
* Verifying a write operation: verify. (line 6)
* Verifying the currency of an archive: compare. (line 6)
-* version control system, excluding files: exclude. (line 39)
+* version control system, excluding files: exclude. (line 37)
* Version of the tar program: help. (line 6)
* version-control Emacs variable: backup. (line 49)
* VERSION_CONTROL: backup. (line 41)
(line 71)
* week in date strings: Relative items in date strings.
(line 15)
-* Where is the archive?: file. (line 8)
+* Where is the archive?: file. (line 6)
* Working directory, specifying: directory. (line 6)
* Writing extracted files to standard output: Writing to Standard Output.
(line 6)
-* Writing new archives: file. (line 36)
+* Writing new archives: file. (line 34)
+* xdev: warnings. (line 47)
* XLIST: General-Purpose Variables.
(line 87)
* xsparse: Sparse Recovery. (line 13)
projects / tar / blobdiff